ReentrantReadWriteLock Class

Definition

[Android.Runtime.Register("java/util/concurrent/locks/ReentrantReadWriteLock", DoNotGenerateAcw=true)]
public class ReentrantReadWriteLock : Java.Lang.Object, IDisposable, Java.Interop.IJavaPeerable, Java.IO.ISerializable, Java.Util.Concurrent.Locks.IReadWriteLock

[<Android.Runtime.Register("java/util/concurrent/locks/ReentrantReadWriteLock", DoNotGenerateAcw=true)>]
type ReentrantReadWriteLock = class
    inherit Object
    interface ISerializable
    interface IJavaObject
    interface IDisposable
    interface IJavaPeerable
    interface IReadWriteLock

Inheritance

Object

Object

ReentrantReadWriteLock

Attributes

RegisterAttribute

Implements

IJavaObject IJavaPeerable ISerializable IReadWriteLock IDisposable

Remarks

An implementation of ReadWriteLock supporting similar semantics to ReentrantLock.

This class has the following properties:

<ul> <li><b>Acquisition order</b>

This class does not impose a reader or writer preference ordering for lock access. However, it does support an optional <em>fairness</em> policy.

<dl> <dt><b>Non-fair mode (default)</b> <dd>When constructed as non-fair (the default), the order of entry to the read and write lock is unspecified, subject to reentrancy constraints. A nonfair lock that is continuously contended may indefinitely postpone one or more reader or writer threads, but will normally have higher throughput than a fair lock.

<dt><b>Fair mode</b> <dd>When constructed as fair, threads contend for entry using an approximately arrival-order policy. When the currently held lock is released, either the longest-waiting single writer thread will be assigned the write lock, or if there is a group of reader threads waiting longer than all waiting writer threads, that group will be assigned the read lock.

A thread that tries to acquire a fair read lock (non-reentrantly) will block if either the write lock is held, or there is a waiting writer thread. The thread will not acquire the read lock until after the oldest currently waiting writer thread has acquired and released the write lock. Of course, if a waiting writer abandons its wait, leaving one or more reader threads as the longest waiters in the queue with the write lock free, then those readers will be assigned the read lock.

A thread that tries to acquire a fair write lock (non-reentrantly) will block unless both the read lock and write lock are free (which implies there are no waiting threads). (Note that the non-blocking ReadLock#tryLock() and WriteLock#tryLock() methods do not honor this fair setting and will immediately acquire the lock if it is possible, regardless of waiting threads.) </dl>

<li><b>Reentrancy</b>

This lock allows both readers and writers to reacquire read or write locks in the style of a ReentrantLock. Non-reentrant readers are not allowed until all write locks held by the writing thread have been released.

Additionally, a writer can acquire the read lock, but not vice-versa. Among other applications, reentrancy can be useful when write locks are held during calls or callbacks to methods that perform reads under read locks. If a reader tries to acquire the write lock it will never succeed.

<li><b>Lock downgrading</b>

Reentrancy also allows downgrading from the write lock to a read lock, by acquiring the write lock, then the read lock and then releasing the write lock. However, upgrading from a read lock to the write lock is <b>not</b> possible.

<li><b>Interruption of lock acquisition</b>

The read lock and write lock both support interruption during lock acquisition.

<li><b>Condition support</b>

The write lock provides a Condition implementation that behaves in the same way, with respect to the write lock, as the Condition implementation provided by ReentrantLock#newCondition does for ReentrantLock. This Condition can, of course, only be used with the write lock.

The read lock does not support a Condition and readLock().newCondition() throws UnsupportedOperationException.

<li><b>Instrumentation</b>

This class supports methods to determine whether locks are held or contended. These methods are designed for monitoring system state, not for synchronization control. </ul>

Serialization of this class behaves in the same way as built-in locks: a deserialized lock is in the unlocked state, regardless of its state when serialized.

<b>Sample usages.</b> Here is a code sketch showing how to perform lock downgrading after updating a cache (exception handling is particularly tricky when handling multiple locks in a non-nested fashion):

{@code
            class CachedData {
              Object data;
              boolean cacheValid;
              final ReentrantReadWriteLock rwl = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();

              void processCachedData() {
                rwl.readLock().lock();
                if (!cacheValid) {
                  // Must release read lock before acquiring write lock
                  rwl.readLock().unlock();
                  rwl.writeLock().lock();
                  try {
                    // Recheck state because another thread might have
                    // acquired write lock and changed state before we did.
                    if (!cacheValid) {
                      data = ...;
                      cacheValid = true;
                    }
                    // Downgrade by acquiring read lock before releasing write lock
                    rwl.readLock().lock();
                  } finally {
                    rwl.writeLock().unlock(); // Unlock write, still hold read
                  }
                }

                try {
                  use(data);
                } finally {
                  rwl.readLock().unlock();
                }
              }
            }}

ReentrantReadWriteLocks can be used to improve concurrency in some uses of some kinds of Collections. This is typically worthwhile only when the collections are expected to be large, accessed by more reader threads than writer threads, and entail operations with overhead that outweighs synchronization overhead. For example, here is a class using a TreeMap that is expected to be large and concurrently accessed.

{@code
            class RWDictionary {
              private final Map<String, Data> m = new TreeMap<>();
              private final ReentrantReadWriteLock rwl = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
              private final Lock r = rwl.readLock();
              private final Lock w = rwl.writeLock();

              public Data get(String key) {
                r.lock();
                try { return m.get(key); }
                finally { r.unlock(); }
              }
              public List<String> allKeys() {
                r.lock();
                try { return new ArrayList<>(m.keySet()); }
                finally { r.unlock(); }
              }
              public Data put(String key, Data value) {
                w.lock();
                try { return m.put(key, value); }
                finally { w.unlock(); }
              }
              public void clear() {
                w.lock();
                try { m.clear(); }
                finally { w.unlock(); }
              }
            }}

<h2>Implementation Notes</h2>

This lock supports a maximum of 65535 recursive write locks and 65535 read locks. Attempts to exceed these limits result in Error throws from locking methods.

Added in 1.5.

Java documentation for java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock.

Portions of this page are modifications based on work created and shared by the Android Open Source Project and used according to terms described in the Creative Commons 2.5 Attribution License.

Constructors

Properties

Methods

Explicit Interface Implementations

Extension Methods

Applies to