Verwenden von Verwaltungseinheiten

Artikel
06/13/2023

Anhand der hier bereitgestellten Demoskripts können Sie lernen, wie Sie Azure AD PowerShell zusammen mit Verwaltungseinheiten verwenden. Diese Skripts stellen eine vollständige Demo dar: Sie richten eine Demoumgebung für Verwaltungseinheiten in Ihrem Verzeichnis ein, erfahren, wie Sie als globaler Administrator Verwaltungseinheiten erstellen und auffüllen, und sehen die Ergebnisse Ihrer Aktionen, wenn Sie sich als stellvertretender Administrator anmelden. Abschließend können Sie mit einem Bereinigungsskript alle in dieser Demo erstellten Objekte löschen.

Demoskripts

Setup.ps1

Führen Sie dieses Skript zuerst aus, um die später in der Demo verwendeten Benutzer und Administratoren zu erstellen.

# Login as Global Administrator
Connect-AzureAD

### Create users we'll add as AU members later
$initialDomain = (Get-AzureADDomain)[0].Name
$passwordProfile = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.Open.AzureAD.Model.PasswordProfile -ArgumentList "Windows2000", $false
for($i = 1; $i -le 2; $i++) {
    New-AzureADUser -UserPrincipalName "WestCoastUser$i@$initialDomain" -DisplayName "WestCoastUser$i" -PasswordProfile $passwordProfile -UsageLocation "US" -AccountEnabled $true -MailNickName "WestCoastUser$i"
    New-AzureADUser -UserPrincipalName "EastCoastUser$i@$initialDomain" -DisplayName "EastCoastUser$i" -PasswordProfile $passwordProfile -UsageLocation "US" -AccountEnabled $true -MailNickName "EastCoastUser$i"
}

### Create admins we'll assign later to manage the users in the AUs
New-AzureADUser -UserPrincipalName "WestCoastUserAdmin@$initialDomain" -DisplayName "WestCoastUserAdmin" -PasswordProfile $passwordProfile -UsageLocation "US" -AccountEnabled $true -MailNickName "WestCoastUserAdmin"
New-AzureADUser -UserPrincipalName "WestCoastHelpdeskAdmin@$initialDomain" -DisplayName "WestCoastPasswordAdmin" -PasswordProfile $passwordProfile -UsageLocation "US" -AccountEnabled $true -MailNickName "WestCoastPasswordAdmin"
New-AzureADUser -UserPrincipalName "EastCoastUserAdmin@$initialDomain" -DisplayName "EastCoastUserAdmin" -PasswordProfile $passwordProfile -UsageLocation "US" -AccountEnabled $true -MailNickName "EastCoastUserAdmin"
New-AzureADUser -UserPrincipalName "EastCoastHelpdeskAdmin@$initialDomain" -DisplayName "EastCoastPasswordAdmin" -PasswordProfile $passwordProfile -UsageLocation "US" -AccountEnabled $true -MailNickName "EastCoastPasswordAdmin"
New-AzureADUser -UserPrincipalName "MobileUserAdmin@$initialDomain" -DisplayName "MobileUserAdmin" -PasswordProfile $passwordProfile -UsageLocation "US" -AccountEnabled $true -MailNickName "MobileUserAdmin"

### Enable the Helpdesk Administrator Role using the templateId GUID for the role
Enable-AzureADDirectoryRole -RoleTemplateId "729827e3-9c14-49f7-bb1b-9608f156bbb8"

### Enable the User Account Administrator Role using the templateId GUID for the role
Enable-AzureADDirectoryRole -RoleTemplateId "fe930be7-5e62-47db-91af-98c3a49a38b1"

Global Admin.ps1

Führen Sie dieses Skript nach dem Setupskript aus, um die Schritte eines globalen Administrators zu durchlaufen, der Verwaltungseinheiten erstellt und auffüllt sowie die jeweiligen, der Verwaltungseinheit zugeordneten Benutzerkonto- und Helpdeskadministratoren zuweist.

### Login as Global Administrator
Connect-AzureAD

<# Simple Administrative Unit (AU) Demo

This demo walks through creating AUs for each region, adding members to those
AUs, and granting AU-scoped admin permissions. Our fictional company Contoso
has four users and two admins.  Contoso IT would like to segment admin
permissions into two regions, west coast and east coast. They will do this by
creating two AUs, West Coast and East Coast, then placing the corresponding
users into the respective AUs, and finally granting AU-scoped admin permissions
to the respective west coast and east coast admins.

#>

### List company information and users
Get-AzureADUser | ft DisplayName, UserPrincipalName

### Setup Administrative Units ######################################################
#Create West Coast AU
New-AzureADAdministrativeUnit -Description “West Coast region” -DisplayName “West Coast”
#Create East Coast AU
New-AzureADAdministrativeUnit -Description “East Coast region” -DisplayName “East Coast”

### Get the list of AUs
Get-AzureADAdministrativeUnit | ft DisplayName, Description

### Add West Coast AU member
$westCoastAU = Get-AzureADAdministrativeUnit -Filter “displayname eq 'West Coast'”
$initialDomain = (Get-AzureADDomain)[0].Name
$westCoastUser1 = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'WestCoastUser1@$InitialDomain'"
$westCoastUser2 = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'WestCoastUser2@$InitialDomain'"
Add-AzureADAdministrativeUnitMember -ObjectId $westCoastAU.ObjectId -RefObjectId $westCoastUser1.ObjectId
Add-AzureADAdministrativeUnitMember -ObjectId $westCoastAU.ObjectId -RefObjectId $westCoastUser2.ObjectId
Get-AzureADAdministrativeUnitMember -ObjectId $westCoastAU.ObjectId | Get-AzureADUser

### Add East Coast AU member
$eastCoastAU = Get-AzureADAdministrativeUnit -Filter “displayname eq 'East Coast'”
$eastCoastUser1 = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'EastCoastUser1@$InitialDomain'"
$eastCoastUser2 = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'EastCoastUser2@$InitialDomain'"
Add-AzureADAdministrativeUnitMember -ObjectId $eastCoastAU.ObjectId -RefObjectId $eastCoastUser1.ObjectId
Add-AzureADAdministrativeUnitMember -ObjectId $eastCoastAU.ObjectId -RefObjectId $eastCoastUser2.ObjectId
Get-AzureADAdministrativeUnitMember -ObjectId $eastCoastAU.ObjectId | Get-AzureADUser
###################################################################################

### Delegate Admin Permissions Scoped to Administrative Units ######################
### Get list of available roles
$admins = Get-AzureADDirectoryRole
foreach($i in $admins) {
    if($i.DisplayName -eq "User Administrator") {
        $uaAdmin = $i
        }
    if($i.DisplayName -eq "Helpdesk Administrator") {
        $helpDeskAdmin = $i
        }
    }

### Add West Coast-scoped User Account Admin role member
$westCoastUA = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'WestCoastUserAdmin@$InitialDomain'"
$uaRoleMemberInfo = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.Open.AzureAD.Model.RoleMemberInfo -Property @{ ObjectId =  $westCoastUA.ObjectId }
Add-AzureADScopedRoleMembership -RoleObjectId $uaAdmin.ObjectId -ObjectId $westCoastAU.ObjectId -RoleMemberInfo $uaRoleMemberInfo

### Add West Coast-scoped Helpdesk Admin role member
$westCoastHDA = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'WestCoastHelpdeskAdmin@$InitialDomain'"
$hdaRoleMemberInfo = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.Open.AzureAD.Model.RoleMemberInfo -Property @{ ObjectId =  $westCoastHDA.ObjectId }
Add-AzureADScopedRoleMembership -RoleObjectId $helpDeskAdmin.ObjectId -ObjectId $westCoastAU.ObjectId -RoleMemberInfo $hdaRoleMemberInfo

### Get list of West coast AU Admins
Get-AzureADScopedRoleMembership -ObjectId $westCoastAU.ObjectId | fl *

### Add East Coast-scoped User Account Admin role member
$eastcoastua = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'EastCoastUserAdmin@$InitialDomain'"
$uaRoleMemberInfo = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.Open.AzureAD.Model.RoleMemberInfo -Property @{ ObjectId =  $eastCoastUA.ObjectId }
Add-AzureADScopedRoleMembership -RoleObjectId $uaadmin.ObjectId -ObjectId $eastCoastAU.ObjectId -RoleMemberInfo $uaRoleMemberInfo

### Add East Coast-scoped Helpdesk Admin role member
$eastcoasthda = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'EastCoastHelpdeskAdmin@$InitialDomain'"
$hdaRoleMemberInfo = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.Open.AzureAD.Model.RoleMemberInfo -Property @{ ObjectId =  $eastCoastHDA.ObjectId }
Add-AzureADScopedRoleMembership -RoleObjectId $helpDeskAdmin.ObjectId -ObjectId $eastCoastAU.ObjectId -RoleMemberInfo $hdaRoleMemberInfo

### Get list of East coast AU Admins
Get-AzureADScopedRoleMembership -ObjectId $eastCoastAU.ObjectId | fl *
###################################################################################

AU UA Admin.ps1

Führen Sie dieses Skript nach dem Skript des globalen Administrators aus, um die Schritte eines einer Verwaltungseinheit zugeordneten Benutzerkontoadministrators zu durchlaufen, der Profilinformationen aktualisiert, Kennwörter zurücksetzt und Lizenzen für Benutzer in der Verwaltungseinheit zuweist.

### Login as AU-scoped User Account Admin (WestCoastUserAdmin@<domain>, PS: Windows2000)
Connect-AzureAD

### Get list of West Coast AU members
$westCoastAU = Get-AzureADAdministrativeUnit -Filter “displayname eq 'West Coast'”
Get-AzureADAdministrativeUnitMember -ObjectId $westCoastAU.ObjectId | Get-AzureADUser

### Set department property (for example) for West Coast AU member.
$initialDomain = (Get-AzureADDomain)[0].Name
$westCoastUser1 = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'WestCoastUser1@$InitialDomain'"
$westCoastUser1 | ft DisplayName, UserPrincipalName, department
$westCoastUser1.Department = 'West Coast'
Set-AzureADUser -ObjectId $westCoastUser1.ObjectId -Department $westCoastUser1.Department
Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'WestCoastUser1@$InitialDomain'" | ft DisplayName, UserPrincipalName, department

### Reset password for West Cosat AU member
$password = ConvertTo-SecureString -String "123Password!" -AsPlainText -Force
Set-AzureADUserPassword -ObjectId $westCoastUser1.ObjectId -Password $password

### TODO: Example of assigning license for West Coast AU member

### Get list of East Coast AU members
$eastCoastAU = Get-AzureADAdministrativeUnit -Filter “displayname eq 'East Coast'”
Get-AzureADAdministrativeUnitMember -ObjectId $eastCoastAU.ObjectId | Get-AzureADUser

### Attempt to set password for user in East Coast AU. All attempts to update users who are not members of West Coast AU should result in access denied.
$eastCoastUser1 = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'EastCoastUser1@$InitialDomain'"
Set-AzureADUserPassword -ObjectId $eastCoastUser1.ObjectId -Password $password

AU Helpdesk Admin.ps1

Führen Sie dieses Skript nach dem Skript des globalen Administrators aus, um die Schritte eines einer Verwaltungseinheit zugeordneten Helpdeskadministrators zu durchlaufen, der Kennwörter für Benutzer in der Verwaltungseinheit zurücksetzt.

#Login as East Coast Helpdesk Admin (EastCoastHelpdeskAdmin@<domain>, PS: Windows2000)
Connect-AzureAD

### Get list of East Coast AU members
$eastCoastAU = Get-AzureADAdministrativeUnit -Filter “displayname eq 'East Coast'”
Get-AzureADAdministrativeUnitMember -ObjectId $eastCoastAU.ObjectId | Get-AzureADUser

### Set password for user in East Coast AU
$eastCoastUser1 = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'EastCoastUser1@$InitialDomain'"
Set-AzureADUserPassword -ObjectId $eastCoastUser1.ObjectId -Password $password

### Attempt to set password for user in West Coast AU. All attempts to update users who are not members of East Coast AU should result in access denied.
$westCoastUser1 = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'WestCoastUser1@$InitialDomain'"
Set-AzureADUserPassword -ObjectId $westCoastUser1.ObjectId -Password $password

Cleanup.ps1

Führen Sie dieses Skript zum Löschen der erstellten Benutzer und Verwaltungseinheiten aus.

### Login as a Global Admin
Connect-AzureAD

### Cleanup demo

### Get roles used in demo
$admins = Get-AzureADDirectoryRole
foreach($i in $admins) {
    if($i.DisplayName -eq "User Administrator") {
        $uaadmin = $i
        }
    if($i.DisplayName -eq "Helpdesk Administrator") {
        $helpdeskadmin = $i
        }
    }
#####

## Delete all scoped role memberships used in demo
$adminunits = Get-AzureADAdministrativeUnit
foreach($adminunit in $adminunits) {
    $adminScopes = Get-AzureADScopedRoleMembership -ObjectId $adminunit.ObjectId

    foreach($SRM in $adminScopes) {

        Remove-AzureADScopedRoleMembership -ObjectId $adminunit.ObjectId -ScopedRoleMembershipId $SRM.Id
        }
    }
# Check all scoped role memberships were deleted
foreach($adminunit in $adminunits) {
    $adminScopes = Get-AzureADScopedRoleMembership -ObjectId $adminunit.ObjectId
    }
####

## Delete demo Administrative Units
Get-AzureADAdministrativeUnit
$WestCoastAU = Get-AzureADAdministrativeUnit -Filter “displayname eq 'West Coast'”
foreach ($au in $WestCoastAU) {
    Remove-AzureADAdministrativeUnit –ObjectId $au.ObjectId
}
$eastcoastau = Get-AzureADAdministrativeUnit -Filter “displayname eq 'East Coast'”
foreach ($au in $eastcoastau) {
    Remove-AzureADAdministrativeUnit –ObjectId $au.ObjectId
}
Get-AzureADAdministrativeUnit
####

## Delete demo AU member users
Get-AzureADUser | ft DisplayName, UserPrincipalName
$initialDomain = (Get-AzureADDomain)[0].Name
for($i = 1; $i -le 2; $i++) {
    $westcoastuser = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'WestCoastUser$i@$InitialDomain'"
    Remove-AzureADUser -ObjectId $westcoastuser.ObjectId
    $eastcoastuser = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'EastCoastUser$i@$InitialDomain'"
    Remove-AzureADUser -ObjectId $eastcoastuser.ObjectId
}
Get-AzureADUser | ft DisplayName, UserPrincipalName
####

## Delete AU admin users
$westcoastua = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'WestCoastUserAdmin@$InitialDomain'"
Remove-AzureADUser -ObjectId $westcoastua.ObjectId
$westcoastha = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'WestCoastHelpdeskAdmin@$InitialDomain'"
Remove-AzureADUser -ObjectId $westcoastha.ObjectId
$eastcoastua = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'EastCoastUserAdmin@$InitialDomain'"
Remove-AzureADUser -ObjectId $eastcoastua.ObjectId
$eastcoastha = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'EastCoastHelpdeskAdmin@$InitialDomain'"
Remove-AzureADUser -ObjectId $eastcoastha.ObjectId
$mobileadmin = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'MobileUserAdmin@$InitialDomain'"
Remove-AzureADUser -ObjectId $mobileadmin.ObjectId
####

Get-AzureADUser | ft DisplayName, UserPrincipalName
Get-AzureADAdministrativeUnit

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