Hi @Emadul Islam,
Based on your description, I understand there are alert saying your certificate is expired or not yet valid after you renewed the certificate in Exchange Server.
I want to check with you if you are in a hybrid environment, and if the user mailbox that got alert is in O365?
If so, it could be a result of being in hybrid where the certificate being presented by your on-premises server for Autodiscover may not be valid.
You could do the Autodiscover test in Microsoft Remote Connectivity Analyzer to see the problem.
Otherwise, if you are using a self-signed certificate, I would suggest you had better use a 3rd party certificate from a trusted CA.
Also, please double check you remove old exchange certificate steps screenshot as below and have renewed the certificate successfully as steps of Renew an Exchange Server certificate | Microsoft Learn.
Hope it helps, if there are any questions, please feel free to contact me.