vscode does not support Xamarin form projects as you have found out. and it is nowhere near as robust as Visual Studio for Mac. for full IDE support you need vs 2024 in a windows vm.
You should use Visual Studio for Mac until you upgrade your project to Maui. you will be forced to upgrade once new releases of the mobile runtimes are required to sign anyway. IOS will give the most trouble when it starts to require Xcode 16 to sign as it's unlikely to be supported by the Xamarin tool chain. if I had to guess, Maui 9 will probably be required to support (and sign) iOS 18 applications.