Thanks for reaching out Ipe. This seems to be a network issue. Have you tried creating another local account and try to download and install the games?
Do you also have another machin/PC/laptop that you can try to download and install the said games? Just to see if it will get the same error.
How about trying the "network reset" in the settings page.
Reinstalling or clean install of Windows is what I can recommend as well.
Try contacting your ISP if any of the ports mentioned from your screenshot and the statement below is blocked on their end.
Steam requires TCP ports 80 and 443 for HTTP and HTTPS traffic, and a range of TCP and UDP ports from 27015 to 27050 for its client and game servers. Some games or specific features like Steam Link streaming may also require additional ports, such as TCP/UDP ports 27031 and 27036 for streaming, so you may need to open these as well.
Let me know what results you get.
All the best,
Rez