By default a view inherit permissions from the list. Based on your query, I suggest two options.
- Create SPFX webpart that update your List and add the webpart to the page. Use audience targetting feature to display the webpart to certain set of users.
https://www.c-sharpcorner.com/article/sharepoint-list-items-crud-operations-demo-using-pnpjs-in-react-based-spfx-webpa/ - User PowerApps to customize the form.
https://video2.skills-academy.com/en-us/powerapps/maker/canvas-apps/customize-list-form
Hope this helps