Yes, you can use the so-called soft-match process as detailed here: https://support.microsoft.com/en-nz/help/2641663/use-smtp-matching-to-match-on-premises-user-accounts-to-office-365
Or the little more complicated hard-match: http://blogs.technet.com/b/praveenkumar/archive/2014/04/12/how-to-do-hard-match-in-dirsync.aspx