What's new for authentication?

Microsoft periodically adds and modifies the features and functionality of the Microsoft identity platform to improve its security, usability, and standards compliance.

Unless otherwise noted, the changes described here apply only to applications registered after the stated effective date of the change.

Check this article regularly to learn about:

• Known issues and fixes
• Protocol changes
• Deprecated functionality

August 2024

Federated Identity Credentials now use case-sensitive matching

Effective date: September 2024

Protocol impacted: Workload identity federation

Change

Previously, when matching the Federated Identity Credential (FIC) issuer, subject, and audience values against the corresponding issuer, subject, and audience values contained in the token sent to Microsoft Entra ID by an external IdP, case-insensitive matching was used. To provide more fine-grained control to customers, we're switching to enforcing case-sensitive matching.

Invalid example:

• Token subject: repo:contoso/contoso-org:ref:refs/heads/main
• FIC subject: repo:Contoso/Contoso-Org:ref:refs/heads/main

These two subject values don't case-sensitively match, so validation fails. The same mechanism is applied to issuer and audience validation.

This change will be applied initially to applications or managed identities created after August 14th, 2024. Inactive applications or managed identities, determined by there being zero Workload Identity Federation requests made by said application or managed identity between the period August 1st, 2024 to August 31st, 2024, are required to use case-sensitive matching starting September 27th, 2024. For active applications, case-insensitive matching comes at a later date to be communicated.

To better highlight failures due to case-insensitivity, we're revamping the error message for AADSTS700213. It will now state;

`AADSTS700213: No matching federated identity record found for presented assertion subject '{subject}'. Please note that matching is done using a case-sensitive comparison. Check your federated identity credential Subject, Audience, and Issuer against the presented assertion.` 

The placeholder '{subject}' provides the value of the subject claim contained in the token being sent from the external IdP to Microsoft Entra ID. This error template is also used for case-insensitive failures surrounding issuer and audience validation. If you encounter this error, you should find the Federated Identity Credential that corresponds to the issuer, subject, or audience listed in the error and confirm that the corresponding values are equivalent from a case-sensitive perspective. If there's a mismatch, you need to replace the current issuer, subject, or audience value in the FIC with the issuer, subject, or audience value that was contained in the error message.

June 2024

Applications must be registered in a directory

Effective date: June 2024

Endpoints impacted: v2.0 and v1.0

Protocol impacted: All flows

Change

Previously, when registering an application using the Microsoft Entra app registrations experience, if the user was signed in with their personal Microsoft account (MSA), they could choose to only associate the application with their personal account. That means the application wouldn't be associated with or contained in any directory (also referred to as 'tenant' or 'organization'). However, starting June 2024, all applications must be registered in a directory. This could be an existing directory, or a new one that the personal Microsoft account user creates to house their Microsoft Entra applications and other Microsoft resources. Users can easily create a new directory to use for this purpose by joining the Microsoft 365 Developer Program or signing up for Azure.

Registering an application in a directory, instead of only associating it with a personal account, has various benefits. These include:

• Applications registered in a directory have more features available to them, such as the ability to add more than one owner to the app, and the ability to publisher verify the app.
• The application is located in the same place as other Microsoft resources the developer uses, such as Azure resources.
• The application receives improved resiliency benefits.

This won't affect any existing applications, including existing applications that are only associated with a personal account. Only the ability to register new applications will be affected.

October 2023

Updated RemoteConnect UX Prompt

Effective date: October 2023

Endpoints impacted: v2.0 and v1.0

Protocol impacted: RemoteConnect

RemoteConnect is a cross-device flow that is used for Microsoft Authentication Broker and Microsoft Intune related scenarios involving Primary Refresh Tokens. To help prevent phishing attacks, the RemoteConnect flow is receiving updated UX language to call out that the remote device (the device which initiated the flow) will be able to access any applications used by your organization upon successful completion of the flow.

The prompt that appears will look something like this:

June 2023

Omission of email claims with an unverified domain owner

Effective date: June 2023

Endpoints impacted: v2.0 and v1.0

Change

For multi-tenant applications, emails that aren't domain-owner verified are omitted by default when the optional email claim is requested in a token payload.

An email is considered to be domain-owner verified if:

1. The domain belongs to the tenant where the user account resides, and the tenant admin has done verification of the domain.
2. The email is from a Microsoft Account (MSA).
3. The email is from a Google account.
4. The email was used for authentication using the one-time passcode (OTP) flow.

It should also be noted that Facebook and SAML/WS-Fed accounts don't have verified domains.

May 2023

The Power BI administrator role will be renamed to Fabric Administrator.

Effective date: June 2023

Endpoints impacted:

• List roleDefinitions - Microsoft Graph v1.0
• List directoryRoles - Microsoft Graph v1.0

Change

The Power BI Administrator role is renamed to Fabric Administrator.

On May 23, 2023, Microsoft unveiled Microsoft Fabric, which provides a Data Factory-powered data integration experience, Synapse-powered data engineering, data warehouse, data science, and real-time analytics experiences and business intelligence (BI) with Power BI — all hosted on a lake-centric SaaS solution. The tenant and capacity administration for these experiences are centralized in the Fabric Admin portal (previously known as the Power BI admin portal).

Starting June 2023, the Power BI Administrator role is renamed to Fabric Administrator to align with the changing scope and responsibility of this role. All applications including Microsoft Entra ID, Microsoft Graph APIs, Microsoft 365, and GDAP will start to reflect the new role name over the course of several weeks.

As a reminder, your application code and scripts shouldn't make decisions based on role name or display name.

December 2021

AD FS users will see more login prompts to ensure that the correct user is signed in.

Effective date: December 2021

Endpoints impacted: Integrated Windows Authentication

Protocol impacted: Integrated Windows Authentication

Change

Today, when a user is sent to AD FS to authenticate, they'll be silently signed into any account that already has a session with AD FS. The silent sign-in occurs even if the user intended to sign into a different user account. To reduce the frequency of this incorrect sign-in occurring, starting in December Microsoft Entra ID will send the prompt=login parameter to AD FS if the Web Account Manager in Windows provides Microsoft Entra ID a login_hint during sign-in, which indicates a specific user is desired for sign-in.

When the above requirements are met (WAM is used to send the user to Microsoft Entra ID to sign in, a login_hint is included, and the AD FS instance for the user's domain supports prompt=login) the user won't be silently signed in, and instead asked to provide a username to continue signing into AD FS. If they wish to sign into their existing AD FS session, they can select the "Continue as current user" option displayed below the login prompt. Otherwise, they can continue with the username that they intend to sign in with.

This change will be rolled out in December 2021 over the course of several weeks. It doesn't change sign in behavior for:

• Applications that use IWA directly
• Applications using OAuth
• Domains that aren't federated to an AD FS instance

October 2021

Error 50105 has been fixed to not return interaction_required during interactive authentication

Effective date: October 2021

Endpoints impacted: v2.0 and v1.0

Protocol impacted: All user flows for apps requiring user assignment

Change

Error 50105 (the current designation) is emitted when an unassigned user attempts to sign into an app that an admin has marked as requiring user assignment. This is a common access control pattern, and users must often find an admin to request assignment to unblock access. The error had a bug that would cause infinite loops in well-coded applications that correctly handled the interaction_required error response. interaction_required tells an app to perform interactive authentication, but even after doing so Microsoft Entra ID would still return an interaction_required error response.

The error scenario has been updated, so that during non-interactive authentication (where prompt=none is used to hide UX), the app will be instructed to perform interactive authentication using an interaction_required error response. In the subsequent interactive authentication, Microsoft Entra ID will now hold the user and show an error message directly, preventing a loop from occurring.

As a reminder, your application code shouldn't make decisions based on error code strings like AADSTS50105. Instead, follow our error-handling guidance and use the standardized authentication responses like interaction_required and login_required found in the standard error field in the response. The other response fields are intended for consumption only by humans troubleshooting their issues.

You can review the current text of the 50105 error and more on the error lookup service: https://login.microsoftonline.com/error?code=50105.

AppId Uri in single tenant applications will require use of default scheme or verified domains

Effective date: October 2021

Endpoints impacted: v2.0 and v1.0

Protocol impacted: All flows

Change

For single tenant applications, adding or updating the AppId URI validates that the domain in the HTTPS scheme URI is listed in the verified domain list in the customer tenant or that the value uses the default scheme (api://{appId}) provided by Microsoft Entra ID. This could prevent applications from adding an AppId URI if the domain isn't in the verified domain list or the value doesn't use the default scheme. To find more information on verified domains, refer to the custom domains documentation.

The change doesn't affect existing applications using unverified domains in their AppID URI. It validates only new applications or when an existing application updates an identifier URI or adds a new one to the identifierUri collection. The new restrictions apply only to URIs added to an app's identifierUris collection after October 15, 2021. AppId URIs already in an application's identifierUris collection when the restriction takes effect on October 15, 2021 will continue to function even if you add new URIs to that collection.

If a request fails the validation check, the application API for create/update will return a 400 badrequest to the client indicating HostNameNotOnVerifiedDomain.

The following API and HTTP scheme-based application ID URI formats are supported. Replace the placeholder values as described in the list following the table.

Supported application ID URI formats	Example app ID URIs
api://<appId>	api://00001111-aaaa-2222-bbbb-3333cccc4444
api://<tenantId>/<appId>	api://aaaabbbb-0000-cccc-1111-dddd2222eeee/00001111-aaaa-2222-bbbb-3333cccc4444
api://<tenantId>/<string>	api://aaaabbbb-0000-cccc-1111-dddd2222eeee/api
api://<string>/<appId>	api://productapi/00001111-aaaa-2222-bbbb-3333cccc4444
https://<tenantInitialDomain>.onmicrosoft.com/<string>	https://contoso.onmicrosoft.com/productsapi
https://<verifiedCustomDomain>/<string>	https://contoso.com/productsapi
https://<string>.<verifiedCustomDomain>	https://product.contoso.com
https://<string>.<verifiedCustomDomain>/<string>	https://product.contoso.com/productsapi

• <appId> - The application identifier (appId) property of the application object.
• <string> - The string value for the host or the api path segment.
• <tenantId> - A GUID generated by Azure to represent the tenant within Azure.
• <tenantInitialDomain> - <tenantInitialDomain>.onmicrosoft.com, where <tenantInitialDomain> is the initial domain name the tenant creator specified at tenant creation.
• <verifiedCustomDomain> - A verified custom domain configured for your Microsoft Entra tenant.

August 2021

Conditional Access will only trigger for explicitly requested scopes

Effective date: August 2021, with gradual rollout starting in April.

Endpoints impacted: v2.0

Protocol impacted: All flows using dynamic consent

Applications using dynamic consent today are given all the permissions they have consent for, even if they weren't requested by name in the scope parameter. An app requesting only user.read but with consent to files.read can be forced to pass the Conditional Access requirement assigned for files.read, for example.

To reduce the number of unnecessary Conditional Access prompts, Microsoft Entra ID is changing the way scopes are provided to applications so only explicitly requested scopes trigger Conditional Access. Applications relying on Microsoft Entra ID's previous behavior of including all scopes in the token--whether requested or not--may break due to missing scopes.

Apps will now receive access tokens with a mix of permissions: requested tokens and those they have consent for that don't require Conditional Access prompts. The scope of access for the token is reflected in the token response's scope parameter.

This change will be made for all apps except those with an observed dependency on this behavior. Developers will receive outreach if they're exempted from this change, as them may have a dependency on the additional Conditional Access prompts.

Examples

An app has consent for user.read, files.readwrite, and tasks.read. files.readwrite has Conditional Access policies applied to it, while the other two don't. If an app makes a token request for scope=user.read, and the currently signed in user hasn't passed any Conditional Access policies, then the resulting token will be for the user.read and tasks.read permissions. tasks.read is included because the app has consent for it, and it doesn't require a Conditional Access policy to be enforced.

If the app then requests scope=files.readwrite, the Conditional Access required by the tenant will trigger, forcing the app to show an interactive auth prompt where the Conditional Access policy can be satisfied. The token returned will have all three scopes in it.

If the app then makes one last request for any of the three scopes (say, scope=tasks.read), Microsoft Entra ID will see that the user has already completed the Conditional Access policies needed for files.readwrite, and again issue a token with all three permissions in it.

June 2021

The device code flow UX will now include an app confirmation prompt

Effective date: June 2021.

Endpoints impacted: v2.0 and v1.0

Protocol impacted: The device code flow

To help prevent phishing attacks, the device code flow now includes a prompt that validates the user is signing into the app they expect.

The prompt that appears looks like this:

May 2020

Bug fix: Microsoft Entra ID will no longer URL-encode the state parameter twice

Effective date: May 2021

Endpoints impacted: v1.0 and v2.0

Protocol impacted: All flows that visit the /authorize endpoint (implicit flow and authorization code flow)

A bug was found and fixed in the Microsoft Entra authorization response. During the /authorize leg of authentication, the state parameter from the request is included in the response, to preserve app state and help prevent CSRF attacks. Microsoft Entra ID incorrectly URL-encoded the state parameter before inserting it into the response, where it was encoded once more. This would result in applications incorrectly rejecting the response from Microsoft Entra ID.

Microsoft Entra ID will no longer double-encode this parameter, allowing apps to correctly parse the result. This change will be made for all applications.

Azure Government endpoints are changing

Effective date: May 5, 2020 (Finishing June 2020)

Endpoints impacted: All

Protocol impacted: All flows

On 1 June 2018, the official Microsoft Entra Authority for Azure Government changed from https://login-us.microsoftonline.com to https://login.microsoftonline.us. This change also applied to Microsoft 365 GCC High and DoD, which Azure Government Microsoft Entra ID also services. If you own an application within a US Government tenant, you must update your application to sign users in on the .us endpoint.

On May 5, 2020, Microsoft Entra ID will begin enforcing the endpoint change, blocking government users from signing into apps hosted in US Government tenants using the public endpoint (microsoftonline.com). Impacted apps will begin seeing an error AADSTS900439 - USGClientNotSupportedOnPublicEndpoint. This error indicates that the app is attempting to sign in a US Government user on the public cloud endpoint. If your app is in a public cloud tenant and intended to support US Government users, you'll need to update your app to support them explicitly. This may require creating a new app registration in the US Government cloud.

Enforcement of this change will be done using a gradual rollout based on how frequently users from the US Government cloud sign in to the application - apps signing in US Government users infrequently will see enforcement first, and apps frequently used by US Government users will be last to have enforcement applied. We expect enforcement to be complete across all apps in June 2020.

For more details, please see the Azure Government blog post on this migration.

March 2020

User passwords will be restricted to 256 characters.

Effective date: March 13, 2020

Endpoints impacted: All

Protocol impacted: All user flows.

Users with passwords longer than 256 characters who sign in directly to Microsoft Entra ID (not a federated IDP, like AD FS) will be asked to change their passwords before they can sign in. Admins may receive requests to help reset the user's password.

The error in the sign-in logs will be similar to AADSTS 50052: InvalidPasswordExceedsMaxLength.

Message: The password entered exceeds the maximum length of 256. Please reach out to your admin to reset the password.

Remediation:

The user is unable to log in because their password exceeds the permitted maximum length. They should contact their admin to reset the password. If SSPR is enabled for their tenant, they can reset their password by following the "Forgot your password" link.

February 2020

Empty fragments will be appended to every HTTP redirect from the login endpoint.

Effective date: February 8, 2020

Endpoints impacted: Both v1.0 and v2.0

Protocol impacted: OAuth and OIDC flows that use response_type=query - this covers the authorization code flow in some cases, and the implicit flow.

When an authentication response is sent from login.microsoftonline.com to an application via HTTP redirect, the service will append an empty fragment to the reply URL. This prevents a class of redirect attacks by ensuring that the browser wipes out any existing fragment in the authentication request. No apps should have a dependency on this behavior.

August 2019

POST form semantics will be enforced more strictly - spaces and quotes will be ignored

Effective date: September 2, 2019

Endpoints impacted: Both v1.0 and v2.0

Protocol impacted: Anywhere POST is used (client credentials, authorization code redemption, ROPC, OBO, and refresh token redemption)

Beginning the week of September 2, 2019, authentication requests that use the POST method will be validated using stricter HTTP standards. Specifically, spaces and double-quotes (") will no longer be removed from request form values. These changes aren't expected to break any existing clients, and will ensure that requests sent to Microsoft Entra ID are reliably handled every time. In the future (see above) we plan to additionally reject duplicate parameters and ignore the BOM within requests.

Example:

Today, ?e= "f"&g=h is parsed identically as ?e=f&g=h - so e == f. With this change, it would now be parsed so that e == "f" - this is unlikely to be a valid argument, and the request would now fail.

July 2019

App-only tokens for single-tenant applications are only issued if the client app exists in the resource tenant

Effective date: July 26, 2019

Endpoints impacted: Both v1.0 and v2.0

Protocol impacted: Client Credentials (app-only tokens)

A security change took effect on July 26, 2019 changing the way app-only tokens (via the client credentials grant) are issued. Previously, applications were allowed to get tokens to call any other app, regardless of presence in the tenant or roles consented to for that application. This behavior has been updated so that for resources (sometimes called web APIs) set to be single-tenant (the default), the client application must exist within the resource tenant. Existing consent between the client and the API is still not required, and apps should still be doing their own authorization checks to ensure that a roles claim is present and contains the expected value for the API.

The error message for this scenario currently states:

The service principal named <appName> was not found in the tenant named <tenant_name>. This can happen if the application has not been installed by the administrator of the tenant.

To remedy this issue, use the Admin Consent experience to create the client application service principal in your tenant, or create it manually. This requirement ensures that the tenant has given the application permission to operate within the tenant.

Example request

https://login.microsoftonline.com/contoso.com/oauth2/authorize?resource=https://gateway.contoso.com/api&response_type=token&client_id=00001111-aaaa-2222-bbbb-3333cccc4444&... In this example, the resource tenant (authority) is contoso.com, the resource app is a single-tenant app called gateway.contoso.com/api for the Contoso tenant, and the client app is 00001111-aaaa-2222-bbbb-3333cccc4444. If the client app has a service principal within Contoso.com, this request can continue. If it doesn't, however, then the request will fail with the error above.

If the Contoso gateway app were a multitenant application, however, then the request would continue regardless of the client app having a service principal within Contoso.com.

Redirect URIs can now contain query string parameters

Effective date: July 22, 2019

Endpoints impacted: Both v1.0 and v2.0

Protocol impacted: All flows

Per RFC 6749, Microsoft Entra applications can now register and use redirect (reply) URIs with static query parameters (such as https://contoso.com/oauth2?idp=microsoft) for OAuth 2.0 requests. Dynamic redirect URIs are still forbidden as they represent a security risk, and this can't be used to retain state information across an authentication request - for that, use the state parameter.

The static query parameter is subject to string matching for redirect URIs like any other part of the redirect URI - if no string is registered that matches the URI-decoded redirect_uri, then the request will be rejected. If the URI is found in the app registration, then the entire string will be used to redirect the user, including the static query parameter.

At this time (End of July 2019), the app registration UX in Azure portal still block query parameters. However, you can edit the application manifest manually to add query parameters and test this in your app.

March 2019

Looping clients will be interrupted

Effective date: March 25, 2019

Endpoints impacted: Both v1.0 and v2.0

Protocol impacted: All flows

Client applications can sometimes misbehave, issuing hundreds of the same login request over a short period of time. These requests may or may not be successful, but they all contribute to poor user experience and heightened workloads for the IDP, increasing latency for all users and reducing availability of the IDP. These applications are operating outside the bounds of normal usage, and should be updated to behave correctly.

Clients that issue duplicate requests multiple times will be sent an invalid_grant error: AADSTS50196: The server terminated an operation because it encountered a loop while processing a request.

Most clients won't need to change behavior to avoid this error. Only misconfigured clients (those without token caching or those exhibiting prompt loops already) will be impacted by this error. Clients are tracked on a per-instance basis locally (via cookie) on the following factors:

• User hint, if any

• Scopes or resource being requested

• Client ID

• Redirect URI

• Response type and mode

Apps making multiple requests (15+) in a short period of time (5 minutes) will receive an invalid_grant error explaining that they're looping. The tokens being requested have sufficiently long-lived lifetimes (10 minutes minimum, 60 minutes by default), so repeated requests over this time period are unnecessary.

All apps should handle invalid_grant by showing an interactive prompt, rather than silently requesting a token. To avoid this error, clients should ensure they're correctly caching the tokens they receive.

October 2018

Authorization codes can no longer be reused

Effective date: November 15, 2018

Endpoints impacted: Both v1.0 and v2.0

Protocol impacted: Code flow

Starting on November 15, 2018, Microsoft Entra ID will stop accepting previously used authentication codes for apps. This security change helps to bring Microsoft Entra ID in line with the OAuth specification and will be enforced on both the v1 and v2 endpoints.

If your app reuses authorization codes to get tokens for multiple resources, we recommend that you use the code to get a refresh token, and then use that refresh token to acquire additional tokens for other resources. Authorization codes can only be used once, but refresh tokens can be used multiple times across multiple resources. Any new app that attempts to reuse an authentication code during the OAuth code flow will get an invalid_grant error.

For more information about refresh tokens, see Refreshing the access tokens. If using ADAL or MSAL, this is handled for you by the library - replace the second instance of AcquireTokenByAuthorizationCodeAsync with AcquireTokenSilentAsync.

May 2018

ID tokens can't be used for the OBO flow

Date: May 1, 2018

Endpoints impacted: Both v1.0 and v2.0

Protocols impacted: Implicit flow and on-behalf-of flow

After May 1, 2018, id_tokens can't be used as the assertion in an OBO flow for new applications. Access tokens should be used instead to secure APIs, even between a client and middle tier of the same application. Apps registered before May 1, 2018 will continue to work and be able to exchange id_tokens for an access token; however, this pattern isn't considered a best practice.

To work around this change, you can do the following:

1. Create a web API for your application, with one or more scopes. This explicit entry point will allow finer grained control and security.
2. In your app's manifest, in the Azure portal or the app registration portal, ensure that the app is allowed to issue access tokens via the implicit flow. This is controlled through the oauth2AllowImplicitFlow key.
3. When your client application requests an id_token via response_type=id_token, also request an access token (response_type=token) for the web API created above. Thus, when using the v2.0 endpoint the scope parameter should look similar to api://GUID/SCOPE. On the v1.0 endpoint, the resource parameter should be the app URI of the web API.
4. Pass this access token to the middle tier in place of the id_token.