DENY Database Permissions (Transact-SQL)

  • Article

Denies permissions on a database.

Topic link icon Transact-SQL Syntax Conventions

Syntax

DENY <permission> [ ,...n ]  
    TO <database_principal> [ ,...n ] [ CASCADE ]
        [ AS <database_principal> ]

<permission> ::=  
permission | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ]

<database_principal> ::= 
        Database_user 
    | Database_role 
    | Application_role 
    | Database_user_mapped_to_Windows_User 
    | Database_user_mapped_to_Windows_Group 
    | Database_user_mapped_to_certificate 
    | Database_user_mapped_to_asymmetric_key 
    | Database_user_with_no_login

Arguments

  • permission
    Specifies a permission that can be denied on a database. For a list of the permissions, see the Remarks section later in this topic.

  • ALL
    This option does not deny all possible permissions. Denying ALL is equivalent to denying the following permissions: BACKUP DATABASE, BACKUP LOG, CREATE DATABASE, CREATE DEFAULT, CREATE FUNCTION, CREATE PROCEDURE, CREATE RULE, CREATE TABLE, and CREATE VIEW.

  • PRIVILEGES
    Included for ISO compliance. Does not change the behavior of ALL.

  • CASCADE
    Indicates that the permission will also be denied to principals to which the specified principal granted it.

  • AS <database_principal>
    Specifies a principal from which the principal executing this query derives its right to deny the permission.

  • Database_user
    Specifies a database user.

  • Database_role
    Specifies a database role.

  • Application_role
    Specifies an application role.

  • Database_user_mapped_to_Windows_User
    Specifies a database user mapped to a Windows user.

  • Database_user_mapped_to_Windows_Group
    Specifies a database user mapped to a Windows group.

  • Database_user_mapped_to_certificate
    Specifies a database user mapped to a certificate.

  • Database_user_mapped_to_asymmetric_key
    Specifies a database user mapped to an asymmetric key.

  • Database_user_with_no_login
    Specifies a database user with no corresponding server-level principal.

Remarks

A database is a securable contained by the server that is its parent in the permissions hierarchy. The most specific and limited permissions that can be denied on a database are listed in the following table, together with the more general permissions that include them by implication.

Database permission

Implied by database permission

Implied by server permission

ALTER

CONTROL

ALTER ANY DATABASE

ALTER ANY APPLICATION ROLE

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

ALTER ANY ASSEMBLY

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

ALTER ANY ASYMMETRIC KEY

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

ALTER ANY CERTIFICATE

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

ALTER ANY CONTRACT

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

ALTER ANY DATABASE AUDIT

ALTER

ALTER ANY SERVER AUDIT

ALTER ANY DATABASE DDL TRIGGER

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

ALTER ANY DATABASE EVENT NOTIFICATION

ALTER

ALTER ANY EVENT NOTIFICATION

ALTER ANY DATASPACE

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

ALTER ANY FULLTEXT CATALOG

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

ALTER ANY MESSAGE TYPE

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

ALTER ANY REMOTE SERVICE BINDING

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

ALTER ANY ROLE

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

ALTER ANY ROUTE

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

ALTER ANY SCHEMA

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

ALTER ANY SERVICE

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

ALTER ANY SYMMETRIC KEY

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

ALTER ANY USER

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

AUTHENTICATE

CONTROL

AUTHENTICATE SERVER

BACKUP DATABASE

CONTROL

CONTROL SERVER

BACKUP LOG

CONTROL

CONTROL SERVER

CHECKPOINT

CONTROL

CONTROL SERVER

CONNECT

CONNECT REPLICATION

CONTROL SERVER

CONNECT REPLICATION

CONTROL

CONTROL SERVER

CONTROL

CONTROL

CONTROL SERVER

CREATE AGGREGATE

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

CREATE ASSEMBLY

ALTER ANY ASSEMBLY

CONTROL SERVER

CREATE ASYMMETRIC KEY

ALTER ANY ASYMMETRIC KEY

CONTROL SERVER

CREATE CERTIFICATE

ALTER ANY CERTIFICATE

CONTROL SERVER

CREATE CONTRACT

ALTER ANY CONTRACT

CONTROL SERVER

CREATE DATABASE

CONTROL

CREATE ANY DATABASE

CREATE DATABASE DDL EVENT NOTIFICATION

ALTER ANY DATABASE EVENT NOTIFICATION

CREATE DDL EVENT NOTIFICATION

CREATE DEFAULT

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

CREATE FULLTEXT CATALOG

ALTER ANY FULLTEXT CATALOG

CONTROL SERVER

CREATE FUNCTION

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

CREATE MESSAGE TYPE

ALTER ANY MESSAGE TYPE

CONTROL SERVER

CREATE PROCEDURE

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

CREATE QUEUE

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

CREATE REMOTE SERVICE BINDING

ALTER ANY REMOTE SERVICE BINDING

CONTROL SERVER

CREATE ROLE

ALTER ANY ROLE

CONTROL SERVER

CREATE ROUTE

ALTER ANY ROUTE

CONTROL SERVER

CREATE RULE

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

CREATE SCHEMA

ALTER ANY SCHEMA

CONTROL SERVER

CREATE SERVICE

ALTER ANY SERVICE

CONTROL SERVER

CREATE SYMMETRIC KEY

ALTER ANY SYMMETRIC KEY

CONTROL SERVER

CREATE SYNONYM

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

CREATE TABLE

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

CREATE TYPE

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

CREATE VIEW

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

CREATE XML SCHEMA COLLECTION

ALTER

CONTROL SERVER

DELETE

CONTROL

CONTROL SERVER

EXECUTE

CONTROL

CONTROL SERVER

INSERT

CONTROL

CONTROL SERVER

KILL DATABASE CONNECTION

Applies only to Windows Azure SQL Database.

CONTROL

ALTER ANY CONNECTION

REFERENCES

CONTROL

CONTROL SERVER

SELECT

CONTROL

CONTROL SERVER

SHOWPLAN

CONTROL

ALTER TRACE

SUBSCRIBE QUERY NOTIFICATIONS

CONTROL

CONTROL SERVER

TAKE OWNERSHIP

CONTROL

CONTROL SERVER

UPDATE

CONTROL

CONTROL SERVER

VIEW DATABASE STATE

CONTROL

VIEW SERVER STATE

VIEW DEFINITION

CONTROL

VIEW ANY DEFINITION

Permissions

The principal that executes this statement (or the principal specified with the AS option) must have CONTROL permission on the database or a higher permission that implies CONTROL permission on the database.

If you are using the AS option, the specified principal must own the database.

Examples

A. Denying permission to create certificates

The following example denies CREATE CERTIFICATE permission on the AdventureWorks2012 database to user MelanieK.

USE AdventureWorks2012;
DENY CREATE CERTIFICATE TO MelanieK;
GO

B. Denying REFERENCES permission to an application role

The following example denies REFERENCES permission on the AdventureWorks2012 database to application role AuditMonitor.

USE AdventureWorks2012;
DENY REFERENCES TO AuditMonitor;
GO

C. Denying VIEW DEFINITION with CASCADE

The following example denies VIEW DEFINITION permission on the AdventureWorks2012  database to user CarmineEs and to all principals to which CarmineEs has granted VIEW DEFINITION permission.

USE AdventureWorks2012;
DENY VIEW DEFINITION TO CarmineEs CASCADE;
GO

See Also

Reference

sys.database_permissions (Transact-SQL)

sys.database_principals (Transact-SQL)

CREATE DATABASE (Transact-SQL)

GRANT (Transact-SQL)

Concepts

Permissions (Database Engine)

Principals (Database Engine)