Définition de données volumineuses
S’applique à : 
SQL Server Azure SQL Database Azure SQL Managed Instance Azure Synapse Analytics Analytics Platform System (PDW)
Avec OLE DB Driver pour SQL Server, vous pouvez définir des données BLOB en passant un pointeur vers l'objet de stockage d'un consommateur.
Le consommateur crée un objet de stockage qui contient les données et passe au fournisseur un pointeur vers cet objet de stockage. Le fournisseur lit ensuite les données de l'objet de stockage du consommateur et les écrit dans la colonne BLOB.
Pour passer un pointeur vers son propre objet de stockage, le consommateur crée un accesseur qui lie la valeur de la colonne BLOB. Le consommateur appelle ensuite la méthode IRowsetChange::SetData ou IRowsetChange::InsertRow avec l’accesseur qui lie la colonne BLOB. Il passe un pointeur vers une interface de stockage située sur l'objet de stockage du consommateur.
Cette rubrique aborde les fonctionnalités disponibles avec les fonctions suivantes :
IRowset::SetData
ICommand::Execute
IRowsetUpdate::Update
Définir des données volumineuses
Pour transmettre un pointeur à son propre objet de stockage, le consommateur crée un accesseur qui lie la valeur de la colonne BLOB, puis appelle les méthodes IRowsetChange::SetData ou IRowsetChange::InsertRow . Pour définir des données BLOB :
Créez une structure DBOBJECT décrivant la manière dont la colonne BLOB doit être accessible. Définissez l'élément dwFlag de la structure DBOBJECT à STGM_READ, puis définissez l'élément iid sur IID_ISequentialStream (interface à exposer).
Définissez les propriétés du groupe de propriétés DBPROPSET_ROWSET de sorte que l'ensemble de lignes puisse être mis à jour.
Créez un jeu de liaisons (une pour chaque colonne) en utilisant un tableau de structures DBBINDING. Définissez l’élément wType dans la structure DBBINDING sur DBTYPE_IUNKNOWN, puis l’élément pObject de sorte qu’il pointe vers la structure DBOBJECT que vous avez créée.
Créez un accesseur à l'aide des informations de liaison du tableau des structures DBBINDINGS.
Appelez la méthode GetNextRows pour extraire les lignes suivantes dans l'ensemble de lignes. Appelez la méthode GetData pour lire les données de l'ensemble de lignes.
Créez un objet de stockage contenant les données (et également l’indicateur de longueur), puis appelez IRowsetChange::SetData (ou IRowsetChange::InsertRow) avec l’accesseur qui lie la colonne BLOB pour définir les données.
Exemple
Cet exemple montre comment définir des données BLOB. Cet exemple crée une table, ajoute un exemple d'enregistrement, extrait cet enregistrement de l'ensemble de lignes, puis définit la valeur du champ BLOB.
#define UNICODE
#define DBINITCONSTANTS
#define INITGID
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <iostream.h>
#include <oledb.h>
#include <oledberr.h>
#include <msoledbsql.h>
#define SAFE_RELEASE(pIUnknown) if(pIUnknown) (pIUnknown)->Release();
HRESULT GetCommandObject(REFIID riid, IUnknown** ppIUnknown);
HRESULT CreateTable(ICommandText* pICommandText);
class CSeqStream : public ISequentialStream
{
public:
//Constructors
CSeqStream();
virtual ~CSeqStream();
virtual BOOL Seek(ULONG iPos);
virtual BOOL Clear();
virtual BOOL CompareData(void* pBuffer);
virtual ULONG Length() { return m_cBufSize; };
virtual operator void* const() { return m_pBuffer; };
STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) AddRef(void);
STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) Release(void);
STDMETHODIMP QueryInterface(REFIID riid, LPVOID *ppv);
STDMETHODIMP Read(
/* [out] */ void __RPC_FAR *pv,
/* [in] */ ULONG cb,
/* [out] */ ULONG __RPC_FAR *pcbRead);
STDMETHODIMP Write(
/* [in] */ const void __RPC_FAR *pv,
/* [in] */ ULONG cb,
/* [out]*/ ULONG __RPC_FAR *pcbWritten);
protected:
//Data
private:
ULONG m_cRef; // reference count
void* m_pBuffer; // buffer
ULONG m_cBufSize; // buffer size
ULONG m_iPos; // current index position in the buffer
};
//class implementation
CSeqStream::CSeqStream()
{
m_iPos = 0;
m_cRef = 0;
m_pBuffer = NULL;
m_cBufSize = 0;
//The constructor AddRef's
AddRef();
}
CSeqStream::~CSeqStream()
{
//Shouldn't have any references left
// ASSERT(m_cRef == 0);
CoTaskMemFree(m_pBuffer);
}
ULONG CSeqStream::AddRef(void)
{
return ++m_cRef;
}
ULONG CSeqStream::Release(void)
{
// ASSERT(m_cRef);
if(--m_cRef)
return m_cRef;
delete this;
return 0;
}
HRESULT CSeqStream::QueryInterface(REFIID riid, void** ppv)
{
// ASSERT(ppv);
*ppv = NULL;
if (riid == IID_IUnknown)
*ppv = this;
if (riid == IID_ISequentialStream)
*ppv = this;
if(*ppv)
{
((IUnknown*)*ppv)->AddRef();
return S_OK;
}
return E_NOINTERFACE;
}
BOOL CSeqStream::Seek(ULONG iPos)
{
// Make sure the desired position is within the buffer.
// ASSERT(iPos == 0 || iPos < m_cBufSize);
// Reset the current buffer position.
m_iPos = iPos;
return TRUE;
}
BOOL CSeqStream::Clear()
{
//Frees the buffer
m_iPos = 0;
m_cBufSize = 0;
CoTaskMemFree(m_pBuffer);
m_pBuffer = NULL;
return TRUE;
}
BOOL CSeqStream::CompareData(void* pBuffer)
{
// ASSERT(pBuffer);
// Quick and easy way to compare user buffer with the stream.
return memcmp(pBuffer, m_pBuffer, m_cBufSize)==0;
}
HRESULT CSeqStream::Read(void *pv, ULONG cb, ULONG* pcbRead)
{
//Parameter checking
if(pcbRead)
*pcbRead = 0;
if(!pv)
return STG_E_INVALIDPOINTER;
if(cb == 0)
return S_OK;
// Actual code.
ULONG cBytesLeft = m_cBufSize - m_iPos;
ULONG cBytesRead = cb > cBytesLeft ? cBytesLeft : cb;
// If no more bytes to retrieve return.
if(cBytesLeft == 0)
return S_FALSE;
// Copy to users buffer the number of bytes requested or remaining.
memcpy_s(pv, sizeof(pv), (void*)((BYTE*)m_pBuffer + m_iPos), cBytesRead);
m_iPos += cBytesRead;
if(pcbRead)
*pcbRead = cBytesRead;
if(cb != cBytesRead)
return S_FALSE;
return S_OK;
}
HRESULT CSeqStream::Write(const void *pv, ULONG cb, ULONG* pcbWritten)
{
// Parameter checking.
if(!pv)
return STG_E_INVALIDPOINTER;
if(pcbWritten)
*pcbWritten = 0;
if(cb == 0)
return S_OK;
// Enlarge the current buffer.
m_cBufSize += cb;
// Need to append to the end of the stream.
m_pBuffer = CoTaskMemRealloc(m_pBuffer, m_cBufSize);
memcpy_s((void*)((BYTE*)m_pBuffer + m_iPos), sizeof((void*)((BYTE*)m_pBuffer + m_iPos)), pv, cb);
// m_iPos += cb;
if(pcbWritten)
*pcbWritten = cb;
return S_OK;
}
//...........................................................
void main()
{
CoInitialize(NULL);
DBOBJECT ObjectStruct;
ObjectStruct.dwFlags = STGM_READ;
ObjectStruct.iid = IID_ISequentialStream;
struct BLOBDATA
{
DBSTATUS dwStatus;
DWORD dwLength;
ISequentialStream* pISeqStream;
};
BLOBDATA BLOBGetData;
BLOBDATA BLOBSetData;
const ULONG cBindings = 1;
DBBINDING rgBindings[cBindings];
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
IAccessor* pIAccessor = NULL;
ICommandText* pICommandText = NULL;
ICommandProperties* pICommandProperties = NULL;
IRowsetChange* pIRowsetChange = NULL;
IRowset* pIRowset = NULL;
CSeqStream* pMySeqStream = NULL;
ULONG cRowsObtained = 0;
HACCESSOR hAccessor = DB_NULL_HACCESSOR;
DBBINDSTATUS rgBindStatus[cBindings];
HROW* rghRows = NULL;
const ULONG cPropSets = 1;
DBPROPSET rgPropSets[cPropSets];
const ULONG cProperties = 1;
DBPROP rgProperties[cProperties];
const ULONG cBytes = 10;
BYTE pBuffer[cBytes];
ULONG cBytesRead = 0;
BYTE pReadData[cBytes]; //read BLOB data in this array
memset(pReadData, 0xAA, cBytes);
BYTE pWriteData[cBytes]; //write BLOB data from this array
memset(pWriteData, 'D', cBytes);
// Get the Command object.
hr = GetCommandObject(IID_ICommandText,
(IUnknown**)&pICommandText);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to get ICommandText interface.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
// Create table with image column and index.
hr = CreateTable(pICommandText);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to create table.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
/*
Set the DBPROPSET structure. It is used to pass an array
of DBPROP structures to SetProperties().
*/
rgPropSets[0].guidPropertySet = DBPROPSET_ROWSET;
rgPropSets[0].cProperties = cProperties;
rgPropSets[0].rgProperties = rgProperties;
// Now set properties in the property group (DBPROPSET_ROWSET).
rgPropSets[0].rgProperties[0].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_UPDATABILITY;
rgPropSets[0].rgProperties[0].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;
rgPropSets[0].rgProperties[0].dwStatus = DBPROPSTATUS_OK;
rgPropSets[0].rgProperties[0].colid = DB_NULLID;
rgPropSets[0].rgProperties[0].vValue.vt = VT_I4;
V_I4(&rgPropSets[0].rgProperties[0].vValue) = DBPROPVAL_UP_CHANGE;
// Set the rowset properties.
hr = pICommandText->QueryInterface(IID_ICommandProperties,
(void **)&pICommandProperties);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to get ICommandProperties to set rowset properties.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
hr = pICommandProperties->SetProperties(cPropSets, rgPropSets);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Execute failed to set rowset properties.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
// Execute a command (SELECT * FROM TestISeqStream).
hr = pICommandText->SetCommandText(DBGUID_DBSQL,
L"SELECT * FROM TestISeqStream");
if (FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to set command text SELECT * FROM.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
hr = pICommandText->Execute(NULL, IID_IRowsetChange, NULL, NULL,
(IUnknown**)&pIRowsetChange);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to execute the command SELECT * FROM.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
// Fill the DBBINDINGS array.
rgBindings[0].iOrdinal = 2; //ordinal position
rgBindings[0].obValue = offsetof(BLOBDATA, pISeqStream);
rgBindings[0].obLength = offsetof(BLOBDATA, dwLength);
rgBindings[0].obStatus = offsetof(BLOBDATA, dwStatus);
rgBindings[0].pTypeInfo = NULL;
rgBindings[0].pObject = &ObjectStruct;
rgBindings[0].pBindExt = NULL;
rgBindings[0].dwPart = DBPART_VALUE | DBPART_STATUS | DBPART_LENGTH;
rgBindings[0].dwMemOwner = DBMEMOWNER_CLIENTOWNED;
rgBindings[0].eParamIO = DBPARAMIO_NOTPARAM;
rgBindings[0].cbMaxLen = 0;
rgBindings[0].dwFlags = 0;
rgBindings[0].wType = DBTYPE_IUNKNOWN;
rgBindings[0].bPrecision = 0;
rgBindings[0].bScale = 0;
// Create an accessor using the binding information.
hr = pIRowsetChange->QueryInterface(IID_IAccessor,
(void**)&pIAccessor);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to get IAccessor interface.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
hr = pIAccessor->CreateAccessor(DBACCESSOR_ROWDATA,
cBindings,
rgBindings,
sizeof(BLOBDATA),
&hAccessor,
rgBindStatus);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to create an accessor.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
// Now get the first row.
hr = pIRowsetChange->QueryInterface(IID_IRowset,
(void **)&pIRowset);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to get IRowset interface.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
hr = pIRowset->GetNextRows(NULL,
0,
1,
&cRowsObtained,
&rghRows);
hr = pIRowset->GetData(rghRows[0],
hAccessor,
&BLOBGetData);
// Verify the retrieved data, only if data is not null.
if (BLOBGetData.dwStatus == DBSTATUS_S_ISNULL)
{
// Process null data.
cout << "Provider returned a null value.\n";
} else if(BLOBGetData.dwStatus == DBSTATUS_S_OK)
// Provider returned a nonNULL value.
{
BLOBGetData.pISeqStream->Read(
pBuffer,
cBytes,
&cBytesRead);
if(memcmp(pBuffer, pReadData, cBytes) != 0)
{
//cleanup
}
SAFE_RELEASE(BLOBGetData.pISeqStream);
}
// Set up data for SetData.
pMySeqStream = new CSeqStream();
/*
Put data in to the ISequentialStream object
for the provider to write.
*/
pMySeqStream->Write(pWriteData,
cBytes,
NULL);
BLOBSetData.pISeqStream = (ISequentialStream*)pMySeqStream;
BLOBSetData.dwStatus = DBSTATUS_S_OK;
BLOBSetData.dwLength = pMySeqStream->Length();
// Set the data.
hr = pIRowsetChange->SetData(rghRows[0],
hAccessor,
&BLOBSetData);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to set data.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
hr = pIAccessor->ReleaseAccessor(hAccessor, NULL);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to release accessor.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
hr = pIRowset->ReleaseRows(cRowsObtained,
rghRows,
NULL,
NULL,
NULL);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to release rows.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
Exit:
// Free up all allocated memory and release interface pointers.
CoUninitialize();
} //end main.
//..........................................................
HRESULT GetCommandObject(REFIID riid, IUnknown** ppIUnknown)
{
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
// Local interface pointers, until a connection is made.
IDBInitialize* pIDBInitialize = NULL;
IDBProperties* pIDBProperties = NULL;
IDBCreateSession* pIDBCreateSession = NULL;
IDBCreateCommand* pIDBCreateCommand = NULL;
const ULONG cPropSets = 1;
DBPROPSET rgPropSets[cPropSets];
const ULONG cProperties = 4;
DBPROP rgProperties[cProperties];
/*
Initialize the property values needed to
establish the connection.
*/
for(ULONG i = 0; i < 4; i++)
VariantInit(&rgProperties[i].vValue);
// Server name.
rgProperties[0].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_INIT_DATASOURCE;
rgProperties[0].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;
rgProperties[0].vValue.bstrVal =
SysAllocString(L"server");
rgProperties[0].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;
rgProperties[0].colid = DB_NULLID;
// Database.
rgProperties[1].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_INIT_CATALOG;
rgProperties[1].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;
rgProperties[1].vValue.bstrVal =
SysAllocString(L"pubs");
rgProperties[1].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;
rgProperties[1].colid = DB_NULLID;
// Username (login).
rgProperties[2].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_AUTH_USERID;
rgProperties[2].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;
rgProperties[2].vValue.bstrVal =
SysAllocString(L"login");
rgProperties[2].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;
rgProperties[2].colid = DB_NULLID;
// Password.
rgProperties[3].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_AUTH_PASSWORD;
rgProperties[3].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;
rgProperties[3].vValue.bstrVal =
SysAllocString(L"password");
rgProperties[3].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;
rgProperties[3].colid = DB_NULLID;
/*
Now that the properties are set, construct the DBPROPSET
structure (rgInitPropSet). The DBPROPSET structure is used
to pass an array of DBPROP structures (InitProperties) to the
SetProperties method.
*/
rgPropSets[0].guidPropertySet = DBPROPSET_DBINIT;
rgPropSets[0].cProperties = cProperties;
rgPropSets[0].rgProperties = rgProperties;
// Get the IDBInitialize interface.
hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_MSOLEDBSQL,
NULL,
CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
IID_IDBInitialize,
(void**)&pIDBInitialize);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to get IDBInitialize interface.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
// Set initialization properties.
hr = pIDBInitialize->QueryInterface(IID_IDBProperties,
(void **)&pIDBProperties);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to get IDBProperties interface.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
hr = pIDBProperties->SetProperties(cPropSets, rgPropSets);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to set properties for DBPROPSET_DBINIT.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
hr = pIDBInitialize->Initialize();
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to initialize.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} // end if
//Create a session object.
hr = pIDBInitialize->QueryInterface(
IID_IDBCreateSession,
(void **)&pIDBCreateSession);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to get pIDBCreateSession interface.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} // end if
hr = pIDBCreateSession->CreateSession(
NULL,
IID_IDBCreateCommand,
(IUnknown**)&pIDBCreateCommand);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to create session object.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} // end if
// Get the CommandText object.
hr = pIDBCreateCommand->CreateCommand(
NULL,
riid,
(IUnknown**)ppIUnknown);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to create CommandText object.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} // end if
return hr;
Exit:
// Free up all allocated memory and release interface pointers.
return hr;
} //end function
//...............................................................
HRESULT CreateTable(ICommandText* pICommandText)
{
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
// Drop the xisting table.
hr = pICommandText->SetCommandText(
DBGUID_DBSQL,
L"DROP TABLE TestISeqStream");
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to set command text DROP TABLE.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} //end if
hr = pICommandText->Execute(NULL, IID_NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to drop the table.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} // end if
// Create a new table.
hr = pICommandText->SetCommandText(DBGUID_DBSQL,
L"CREATE TABLE TestISeqStream (col1 int,col2 image)");
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to set command text CREATE TABLE.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} // end if
hr = pICommandText->Execute(NULL, IID_NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to create new table.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} // end if
// Insert one row into table.
hr = pICommandText->SetCommandText(DBGUID_DBSQL,
L"INSERT INTO TestISeqStream(col1,col2) VALUES (1,0xAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA)");
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to set command text INSERT INTO.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} // end if
hr = pICommandText->Execute(NULL, IID_NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
cout << "Failed to insert record in the table.\n";
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
} // end if
Exit:
// Free up all allocated memory and release interface pointers.
return hr;
} //end function