バルクコピー操作の複数実行

[アーティクル]
05/10/2023

SqlBulkCopy クラスのインスタンスを 1 つ使用すると、バルクコピー操作を複数回実行できます。コピー元とコピー先で操作パラメーターが変わる場合 (たとえば、コピー先のテーブル名など)、WriteToServer メソッドを続けて呼び出す前に、次の例で示すようにパラメーターを更新する必要があります。明示的に変更されている場合を除き、すべてのプロパティ値は、任意のインスタンスに対する前回のバルクコピー操作の状態のまま残っています。

Note

通常、バルクコピー操作を複数回実行する場合は、同じ SqlBulkCopy のインスタンスを使用する方が各操作ごとに別のインスタンスを使用するよりも効率的です。

同じ SqlBulkCopy オブジェクトを使用してバルクコピー操作を複数回実行する場合は、コピー元またはコピー先の情報が各操作ごとに一致しているかまたは異なっているかどうかは制限されません。ただし、サーバーに書き込み処理を行うときは、列の関連付け情報を毎回正しく設定する必要があります。

重要

このサンプルは、「バルクコピーサンプルのセットアップ」で説明されているように作業テーブルを作成してからでないと動作しません。このコードでは、SqlBulkCopy だけを使用した構文について説明します。コピー元およびコピー先のテーブルが同一の SQL Server インスタンス内に存在する場合、Transact-SQL INSERT … SELECT ステートメントを使用すれば簡単かつ高速にデータをコピーすることができます。

static void Main()
{
    var connectionString = GetConnectionString();
    // Open a connection to the AdventureWorks database.
    using (SqlConnection connection =
               new(connectionString))
    {
        connection.Open();

        // Empty the destination tables.
        SqlCommand deleteHeader = new(
            "DELETE FROM dbo.BulkCopyDemoOrderHeader;",
            connection);
        deleteHeader.ExecuteNonQuery();
        SqlCommand deleteDetail = new(
            "DELETE FROM dbo.BulkCopyDemoOrderDetail;",
            connection);
        deleteDetail.ExecuteNonQuery();

        // Perform an initial count on the destination
        //  table with matching columns.
        SqlCommand countRowHeader = new(
            "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM dbo.BulkCopyDemoOrderHeader;",
            connection);
        long countStartHeader = Convert.ToInt32(
            countRowHeader.ExecuteScalar());
        Console.WriteLine(
            "Starting row count for Header table = {0}",
            countStartHeader);

        // Perform an initial count on the destination
        // table with different column positions.
        SqlCommand countRowDetail = new(
            "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM dbo.BulkCopyDemoOrderDetail;",
            connection);
        long countStartDetail = Convert.ToInt32(
            countRowDetail.ExecuteScalar());
        Console.WriteLine(
            "Starting row count for Detail table = {0}",
            countStartDetail);

        // Get data from the source table as a SqlDataReader.
        // The Sales.SalesOrderHeader and Sales.SalesOrderDetail
        // tables are quite large and could easily cause a timeout
        // if all data from the tables is added to the destination.
        // To keep the example simple and quick, a parameter is
        // used to select only orders for a particular account
        // as the source for the bulk insert.
        SqlCommand headerData = new(
            "SELECT [SalesOrderID], [OrderDate], " +
            "[AccountNumber] FROM [Sales].[SalesOrderHeader] " +
            "WHERE [AccountNumber] = @accountNumber;",
            connection);
        SqlParameter parameterAccount = new()
        {
            ParameterName = "@accountNumber",
            SqlDbType = SqlDbType.NVarChar,
            Direction = ParameterDirection.Input,
            Value = "10-4020-000034"
        };
        headerData.Parameters.Add(parameterAccount);
        SqlDataReader readerHeader = headerData.ExecuteReader();

        // Get the Detail data in a separate connection.
        using (SqlConnection connection2 = new(connectionString))
        {
            connection2.Open();
            SqlCommand sourceDetailData = new(
                "SELECT [Sales].[SalesOrderDetail].[SalesOrderID], [SalesOrderDetailID], " +
                "[OrderQty], [ProductID], [UnitPrice] FROM [Sales].[SalesOrderDetail] " +
                "INNER JOIN [Sales].[SalesOrderHeader] ON [Sales].[SalesOrderDetail]." +
                "[SalesOrderID] = [Sales].[SalesOrderHeader].[SalesOrderID] " +
                "WHERE [AccountNumber] = @accountNumber;", connection2);

            SqlParameter accountDetail = new()
            {
                ParameterName = "@accountNumber",
                SqlDbType = SqlDbType.NVarChar,
                Direction = ParameterDirection.Input,
                Value = "10-4020-000034"
            };
            sourceDetailData.Parameters.Add(accountDetail);
            SqlDataReader readerDetail = sourceDetailData.ExecuteReader();

            // Create the SqlBulkCopy object.
            using (SqlBulkCopy bulkCopy =
                       new(connectionString))
            {
                bulkCopy.DestinationTableName =
                    "dbo.BulkCopyDemoOrderHeader";

                // Guarantee that columns are mapped correctly by
                // defining the column mappings for the order.
                bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("SalesOrderID", "SalesOrderID");
                bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("OrderDate", "OrderDate");
                bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("AccountNumber", "AccountNumber");

                // Write readerHeader to the destination.
                try
                {
                    bulkCopy.WriteToServer(readerHeader);
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
                }
                finally
                {
                    readerHeader.Close();
                }

                // Set up the order details destination.
                bulkCopy.DestinationTableName = "dbo.BulkCopyDemoOrderDetail";

                // Clear the ColumnMappingCollection.
                bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Clear();

                // Add order detail column mappings.
                bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("SalesOrderID", "SalesOrderID");
                bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("SalesOrderDetailID", "SalesOrderDetailID");
                bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("OrderQty", "OrderQty");
                bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("ProductID", "ProductID");
                bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("UnitPrice", "UnitPrice");

                // Write readerDetail to the destination.
                try
                {
                    bulkCopy.WriteToServer(readerDetail);
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
                }
                finally
                {
                    readerDetail.Close();
                }
            }

            // Perform a final count on the destination
            // tables to see how many rows were added.
            long countEndHeader = Convert.ToInt32(
                countRowHeader.ExecuteScalar());
            Console.WriteLine("{0} rows were added to the Header table.",
                countEndHeader - countStartHeader);
            long countEndDetail = Convert.ToInt32(
                countRowDetail.ExecuteScalar());
            Console.WriteLine("{0} rows were added to the Detail table.",
                countEndDetail - countStartDetail);
            Console.WriteLine("Press Enter to finish.");
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }
}

Imports System.Data.SqlClient

Module Module1
    Sub Main()
        Dim connectionString As String = GetConnectionString()

        ' Open a connection to the AdventureWorks database.
        Using connection As SqlConnection = New SqlConnection(connectionString)
            connection.Open()

            ' Empty the destination tables.
            Dim deleteHeader As New SqlCommand( _
              "DELETE FROM dbo.BulkCopyDemoOrderHeader;", connection)
            deleteHeader.ExecuteNonQuery()
            deleteHeader.Dispose()
            Dim deleteDetail As New SqlCommand( _
              "DELETE FROM dbo.BulkCopyDemoOrderDetail;", connection)
            deleteDetail.ExecuteNonQuery()

            ' Perform an initial count on the destination table
            ' with matching columns.
            Dim countRowHeader As New SqlCommand( _
               "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM dbo.BulkCopyDemoOrderHeader;", _
                connection)
            Dim countStartHeader As Long = System.Convert.ToInt32( _
             countRowHeader.ExecuteScalar())
            Console.WriteLine("Starting row count for Header table = {0}", _
             countStartHeader)

            ' Perform an initial count on the destination table
            ' with different column positions.
            Dim countRowDetail As New SqlCommand( _
                "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM dbo.BulkCopyDemoOrderDetail;", _
                connection)
            Dim countStartDetail As Long = System.Convert.ToInt32( _
                countRowDetail.ExecuteScalar())
            Console.WriteLine("Starting row count for Detail table = " & _
               countStartDetail)

            ' Get data from the source table as a SqlDataReader.
            ' The Sales.SalesOrderHeader and Sales.SalesOrderDetail
            ' tables are quite large and could easily cause a timeout
            ' if all data from the tables is added to the destination.
            ' To keep the example simple and quick, a parameter is
            ' used to select only orders for a particular account as
            ' the source for the bulk insert.
            Dim headerData As SqlCommand = New SqlCommand( _
             "SELECT [SalesOrderID], [OrderDate], " & _
             "[AccountNumber] FROM [Sales].[SalesOrderHeader] " & _
             "WHERE [AccountNumber] = @accountNumber;", _
             connection)

            Dim parameterAccount As SqlParameter = New SqlParameter()
            parameterAccount.ParameterName = "@accountNumber"
            parameterAccount.SqlDbType = SqlDbType.NVarChar
            parameterAccount.Direction = ParameterDirection.Input
            parameterAccount.Value = "10-4020-000034"
            headerData.Parameters.Add(parameterAccount)

            Dim readerHeader As SqlDataReader = _
             headerData.ExecuteReader()

            ' Get the Detail data in a separate connection.
            Using connection2 As SqlConnection = New SqlConnection(connectionString)
                connection2.Open()

                Dim sourceDetailData As SqlCommand = New SqlCommand( _
                 "SELECT [Sales].[SalesOrderDetail].[SalesOrderID], " & _
                 "[SalesOrderDetailID], [OrderQty], [ProductID], [UnitPrice] " & _
                 "FROM [Sales].[SalesOrderDetail] INNER JOIN " & _
                 "[Sales].[SalesOrderHeader] " & _
                 "ON [Sales].[SalesOrderDetail].[SalesOrderID] = " & _
                 "[Sales].[SalesOrderHeader].[SalesOrderID] " & _
                 "WHERE [AccountNumber] = @accountNumber;", connection2)

                Dim accountDetail As SqlParameter = New SqlParameter()
                accountDetail.ParameterName = "@accountNumber"
                accountDetail.SqlDbType = SqlDbType.NVarChar
                accountDetail.Direction = ParameterDirection.Input
                accountDetail.Value = "10-4020-000034"
                sourceDetailData.Parameters.Add( _
                 accountDetail)

                Dim readerDetail As SqlDataReader = _
                 sourceDetailData.ExecuteReader()

                ' Create the SqlBulkCopy object.
                Using bulkCopy As SqlBulkCopy = _
                  New SqlBulkCopy(connectionString)
                    bulkCopy.DestinationTableName = "dbo.BulkCopyDemoOrderHeader"

                    ' Guarantee that columns are mapped correctly by
                    ' defining the column mappings for the order.
                    bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("SalesOrderID", "SalesOrderID")
                    bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("OrderDate", "OrderDate")
                    bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("AccountNumber", "AccountNumber")

                    ' Write readerHeader to the destination.
                    Try
                        bulkCopy.WriteToServer(readerHeader)
                    Catch ex As Exception
                        Console.WriteLine(ex.Message)
                    Finally
                        readerHeader.Close()
                    End Try

                    ' Set up the order details destination.
                    bulkCopy.DestinationTableName = "dbo.BulkCopyDemoOrderDetail"

                    ' Clear the ColumnMappingCollection.
                    bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Clear()

                    ' Add order detail column mappings.
                    bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("SalesOrderID", "SalesOrderID")
                    bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("SalesOrderDetailID", "SalesOrderDetailID")
                    bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("OrderQty", "OrderQty")
                    bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("ProductID", "ProductID")
                    bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("UnitPrice", "UnitPrice")

                    ' Write readerDetail to the destination.
                    Try
                        bulkCopy.WriteToServer(readerDetail)
                    Catch ex As Exception
                        Console.WriteLine(ex.Message)
                    Finally
                        readerDetail.Close()
                    End Try
                End Using

                ' Perform a final count on the destination tables
                ' to see how many rows were added.
                Dim countEndHeader As Long = System.Convert.ToInt32( _
                  countRowHeader.ExecuteScalar())
                Console.WriteLine("{0} rows were added to the Header table.", _
                  countEndHeader - countStartHeader)
                Dim countEndDetail As Long = System.Convert.ToInt32( _
                   countRowDetail.ExecuteScalar())
                Console.WriteLine("{0} rows were added to the Detail table.", _
                    countEndDetail - countStartDetail)

                Console.WriteLine("Press Enter to finish.")
                Console.ReadLine()
            End Using
        End Using
    End Sub

    Private Function GetConnectionString() As String
        Throw New NotImplementedException()
    End Function
End Module

次の方法で共有

バルクコピー操作の複数実行

関連項目

その他のリソース

次の方法で共有

バルク コピー操作の複数実行

関連項目

その他のリソース

バルクコピー操作の複数実行