Skapa virtuella datorer i en skalningsuppsättning med Hjälp av Azure CLI
Den här artikeln beskriver hur du använder Azure CLI för att skapa en VM-skalningsuppsättning.
Kontrollera att du har installerat den senaste Azure CLI och är inloggad på ett Azure-konto med az login.
Starta Azure Cloud Shell
Azure Cloud Shell är ett interaktivt gränssnitt som du kan använda för att utföra stegen i den här artikeln. Den har vanliga Azure-verktyg förinstallerat och har konfigurerats för användning med ditt konto.
Öppna Cloud Shell genom att välja Öppna Cloud Shell i det övre högra hörnet i ett kodblock. Du kan också starta Cloud Shell i en separat webbläsarflik genom att gå till https://shell.azure.com/cli. Kopiera kodblocket genom att välja Kopiera, klistra in det i Cloud Shell och kör det genom att trycka på RETUR.
Definiera miljövariabler
Definiera miljövariabler på följande sätt.
export RANDOM_ID="$(openssl rand -hex 3)"
export MY_RESOURCE_GROUP_NAME="myVMSSResourceGroup$RANDOM_ID"
export REGION=EastUS
export MY_VMSS_NAME="myVMSS$RANDOM_ID"
export MY_USERNAME=azureuser
export MY_VM_IMAGE="Ubuntu2204"
export MY_VNET_NAME="myVNet$RANDOM_ID"
export NETWORK_PREFIX="$(($RANDOM % 254 + 1))"
export MY_VNET_PREFIX="10.$NETWORK_PREFIX.0.0/16"
export MY_VM_SN_NAME="myVMSN$RANDOM_ID"
export MY_VM_SN_PREFIX="10.$NETWORK_PREFIX.0.0/24"
export MY_APPGW_SN_NAME="myAPPGWSN$RANDOM_ID"
export MY_APPGW_SN_PREFIX="10.$NETWORK_PREFIX.1.0/24"
export MY_APPGW_NAME="myAPPGW$RANDOM_ID"
export MY_APPGW_PUBLIC_IP_NAME="myAPPGWPublicIP$RANDOM_ID"
Skapa en resursgrupp
En resursgrupp är en logisk container där Azure-resurser distribueras och hanteras. Alla resurser måste placeras i en resursgrupp. Följande kommando skapar en resursgrupp med de tidigare definierade parametrarna $MY_RESOURCE_GROUP_NAME och $REGION.
az group create --name $MY_RESOURCE_GROUP_NAME --location $REGION -o JSON
Resultat:
{
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx",
"location": "eastus",
"managedBy": null,
"name": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx",
"properties": {
"provisioningState": "Succeeded"
},
"tags": null,
"type": "Microsoft.Resources/resourceGroups"
}
Skapa nätverksresurser
Nu ska du skapa nätverksresurser. I det här steget ska du skapa ett virtuellt nätverk, ett undernät 1 för Application Gateway och ett undernät för virtuella datorer. Du måste också ha en offentlig IP-adress för att ansluta din Application Gateway för att nå din webbapp från Internet.
Skapa virtuellt nätverk och undernät
az network vnet create --name $MY_VNET_NAME --resource-group $MY_RESOURCE_GROUP_NAME --location $REGION --address-prefix $MY_VNET_PREFIX --subnet-name $MY_VM_SN_NAME --subnet-prefix $MY_VM_SN_PREFIX -o JSON
Resultat:
{
"newVNet": {
"addressSpace": {
"addressPrefixes": [
"10.X.0.0/16"
]
},
"enableDdosProtection": false,
"etag": "W/\"xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx\"",
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/myVNetxxxxxx",
"location": "eastus",
"name": "myVNetxxxxxx",
"provisioningState": "Succeeded",
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx",
"resourceGuid": "xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx",
"subnets": [
{
"addressPrefix": "10.X.0.0/24",
"delegations": [],
"etag": "W/\"xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx\"",
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/myVNetxxxxxx/subnets/myVMSNxxxxxx",
"name": "myVMSNxxxxxx",
"privateEndpointNetworkPolicies": "Disabled",
"privateLinkServiceNetworkPolicies": "Enabled",
"provisioningState": "Succeeded",
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx",
"type": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/subnets"
}
],
"type": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
"virtualNetworkPeerings": []
}
}
Skapa Application Gateway-resurser
Azure Application Gateway kräver ett dedikerat undernät i ditt virtuella nätverk. Följande kommando skapar ett undernät med namnet $MY_APPGW_SN_NAME med ett angivet adressprefix med namnet $MY_APPGW_SN_PREFIX i ditt virtuella nätverk $MY_VNET_NAME.
az network vnet subnet create --name $MY_APPGW_SN_NAME --resource-group $MY_RESOURCE_GROUP_NAME --vnet-name $MY_VNET_NAME --address-prefix $MY_APPGW_SN_PREFIX -o JSON
Resultat:
{
"addressPrefix": "10.66.1.0/24",
"delegations": [],
"etag": "W/\"xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx\"",
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/myVNetxxxxxx/subnets/myAPPGWSNxxxxxx",
"name": "myAPPGWSNxxxxxx",
"privateEndpointNetworkPolicies": "Disabled",
"privateLinkServiceNetworkPolicies": "Enabled",
"provisioningState": "Succeeded",
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx",
"type": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/subnets"
}
Följande kommando skapar en standard, zonredundant, statisk, offentlig IPv4 i resursgruppen.
az network public-ip create --resource-group $MY_RESOURCE_GROUP_NAME --name $MY_APPGW_PUBLIC_IP_NAME --sku Standard --location $REGION --allocation-method static --version IPv4 --zone 1 2 3 -o JSON
Resultat:
{
"publicIp": {
"ddosSettings": {
"protectionMode": "VirtualNetworkInherited"
},
"etag": "W/\"xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx\"",
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses//myAPPGWPublicIPxxxxxx",
"idleTimeoutInMinutes": 4,
"ipAddress": "X.X.X.X",
"ipTags": [],
"location": "eastus",
"name": "/myAPPGWPublicIPxxxxxx",
"provisioningState": "Succeeded",
"publicIPAddressVersion": "IPv4",
"publicIPAllocationMethod": "Static",
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx",
"resourceGuid": "xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx",
"sku": {
"name": "Standard",
"tier": "Regional"
},
"type": "Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses",
"zones": [
"1",
"2",
"3"
]
}
}
I det här steget skapar du en Application Gateway som du ska integrera med vm-skalningsuppsättningen. Det här exemplet skapar en zonredundant Application Gateway med Standard_v2 SKU och aktiverar Http-kommunikation för Application Gateway. Den offentliga IP-$MY_APPGW_PUBLIC_IP_NAME som skapades i föregående steg är kopplad till Application Gateway.
az network application-gateway create --name $MY_APPGW_NAME --location $REGION --resource-group $MY_RESOURCE_GROUP_NAME --vnet-name $MY_VNET_NAME --subnet $MY_APPGW_SN_NAME --capacity 2 --zones 1 2 3 --sku Standard_v2 --http-settings-cookie-based-affinity Disabled --frontend-port 80 --http-settings-port 80 --http-settings-protocol Http --public-ip-address $MY_APPGW_PUBLIC_IP_NAME --priority 1001 -o JSON
{
"applicationGateway": {
"backendAddressPools": [
{
"etag": "W/\"xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx\"",
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/myAPPGWxxxxxx/backendAddressPools/appGatewayBackendPool",
"name": "appGatewayBackendPool",
"properties": {
"backendAddresses": [],
"provisioningState": "Succeeded",
"requestRoutingRules": [
{
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/myAPPGWxxxxxx/requestRoutingRules/rule1",
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx"
}
]
},
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx",
"type": "Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/backendAddressPools"
}
],
"backendHttpSettingsCollection": [
{
"etag": "W/\"xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx\"",
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/myAPPGWxxxxxx/backendHttpSettingsCollection/appGatewayBackendHttpSettings",
"name": "appGatewayBackendHttpSettings",
"properties": {
"connectionDraining": {
"drainTimeoutInSec": 1,
"enabled": false
},
"cookieBasedAffinity": "Disabled",
"pickHostNameFromBackendAddress": false,
"port": 80,
"protocol": "Http",
"provisioningState": "Succeeded",
"requestRoutingRules": [
{
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/myAPPGWxxxxxx/requestRoutingRules/rule1",
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx"
}
],
"requestTimeout": 30
},
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx",
"type": "Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/backendHttpSettingsCollection"
}
],
"backendSettingsCollection": [],
"frontendIPConfigurations": [
{
"etag": "W/\"xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx\"",
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/myAPPGWxxxxxx/frontendIPConfigurations/appGatewayFrontendIP",
"name": "appGatewayFrontendIP",
"properties": {
"httpListeners": [
{
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/myAPPGWxxxxxx/httpListeners/appGatewayHttpListener",
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx"
}
],
"privateIPAllocationMethod": "Dynamic",
"provisioningState": "Succeeded",
"publicIPAddress": {
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses/myAPPGWPublicIPxxxxxx",
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx"
}
},
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx",
"type": "Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/frontendIPConfigurations"
}
],
"frontendPorts": [
{
"etag": "W/\"xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx\"",
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/myAPPGWxxxxxx/frontendPorts/appGatewayFrontendPort",
"name": "appGatewayFrontendPort",
"properties": {
"httpListeners": [
{
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/myAPPGWxxxxxx/httpListeners/appGatewayHttpListener",
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx"
}
],
"port": 80,
"provisioningState": "Succeeded"
},
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx",
"type": "Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/frontendPorts"
}
],
"gatewayIPConfigurations": [
{
"etag": "W/\"xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx\"",
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/myAPPGWxxxxxx/gatewayIPConfigurations/appGatewayFrontendIP",
"name": "appGatewayFrontendIP",
"properties": {
"provisioningState": "Succeeded",
"subnet": {
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/myVNetxxxxxx/subnets/myAPPGWSNxxxxxx",
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx"
}
},
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx",
"type": "Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/gatewayIPConfigurations"
}
],
"httpListeners": [
{
"etag": "W/\"xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx\"",
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/myAPPGWxxxxxx/httpListeners/appGatewayHttpListener",
"name": "appGatewayHttpListener",
"properties": {
"frontendIPConfiguration": {
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/myAPPGWxxxxxx/frontendIPConfigurations/appGatewayFrontendIP",
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx"
},
"frontendPort": {
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/myAPPGWxxxxxx/frontendPorts/appGatewayFrontendPort",
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx"
},
"hostNames": [],
"protocol": "Http",
"provisioningState": "Succeeded",
"requestRoutingRules": [
{
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/myAPPGWxxxxxx/requestRoutingRules/rule1",
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx"
}
],
"requireServerNameIndication": false
},
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx",
"type": "Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/httpListeners"
}
],
"listeners": [],
"loadDistributionPolicies": [],
"operationalState": "Running",
"privateEndpointConnections": [],
"privateLinkConfigurations": [],
"probes": [],
"provisioningState": "Succeeded",
"redirectConfigurations": [],
"requestRoutingRules": [
{
"etag": "W/\"xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx\"",
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/myAPPGWxxxxxx/requestRoutingRules/rule1",
"name": "rule1",
"properties": {
"backendAddressPool": {
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/myAPPGWxxxxxx/backendAddressPools/appGatewayBackendPool",
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx"
},
"backendHttpSettings": {
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/myAPPGWxxxxxx/backendHttpSettingsCollection/appGatewayBackendHttpSettings",
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx"
},
"httpListener": {
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/myAPPGWxxxxxx/httpListeners/appGatewayHttpListener",
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx"
},
"priority": 1001,
"provisioningState": "Succeeded",
"ruleType": "Basic"
},
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx",
"type": "Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/requestRoutingRules"
}
],
"resourceGuid": "xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx",
"rewriteRuleSets": [],
"routingRules": [],
"sku": {
"capacity": 2,
"family": "Generation_1",
"name": "Standard_v2",
"tier": "Standard_v2"
},
"sslCertificates": [],
"sslProfiles": [],
"trustedClientCertificates": [],
"trustedRootCertificates": [],
"urlPathMaps": []
}
}
Skapa en VM-skalningsuppsättning
Viktigt!
Från och med november 2023 kommer VM-skalningsuppsättningar som skapats med PowerShell och Azure CLI som standard att vara flexibla orkestreringsläge om inget orkestreringsläge har angetts. Mer information om den här ändringen och vilka åtgärder du bör vidta finns i Icke-bakåtkompatibla ändringar för VMSS PowerShell/CLI-kunder – Microsoft Community Hub
Skapa nu en VM-skalningsuppsättning med az vmss create. I följande exempel skapas en zonredundant skalningsuppsättning med instansantalet 2 med offentlig IP i undernätet $MY_VM_SN_NAME i resursgruppen $MY_RESOURCE_GROUP_NAME, integrerar Application Gateway och genererar SSH-nycklar. Spara SSH-nycklarna om du behöver logga in på dina virtuella datorer via ssh.
az vmss create --name $MY_VMSS_NAME --resource-group $MY_RESOURCE_GROUP_NAME --image $MY_VM_IMAGE --admin-username $MY_USERNAME --generate-ssh-keys --public-ip-per-vm --orchestration-mode Uniform --instance-count 2 --zones 1 2 3 --vnet-name $MY_VNET_NAME --subnet $MY_VM_SN_NAME --vm-sku Standard_DS2_v2 --upgrade-policy-mode Automatic --app-gateway $MY_APPGW_NAME --backend-pool-name appGatewayBackendPool -o JSON
Resultat:
{
"vmss": {
"doNotRunExtensionsOnOverprovisionedVMs": false,
"orchestrationMode": "Uniform",
"overprovision": true,
"platformFaultDomainCount": 1,
"provisioningState": "Succeeded",
"singlePlacementGroup": false,
"timeCreated": "20xx-xx-xxTxx:xx:xx.xxxxxx+00:00",
"uniqueId": "xxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxx",
"upgradePolicy": {
"mode": "Automatic",
"rollingUpgradePolicy": {
"maxBatchInstancePercent": 20,
"maxSurge": false,
"maxUnhealthyInstancePercent": 20,
"maxUnhealthyUpgradedInstancePercent": 20,
"pauseTimeBetweenBatches": "PT0S",
"rollbackFailedInstancesOnPolicyBreach": false
}
},
"virtualMachineProfile": {
"networkProfile": {
"networkInterfaceConfigurations": [
{
"name": "myvmsa53cNic",
"properties": {
"disableTcpStateTracking": false,
"dnsSettings": {
"dnsServers": []
},
"enableAcceleratedNetworking": false,
"enableIPForwarding": false,
"ipConfigurations": [
{
"name": "myvmsa53cIPConfig",
"properties": {
"applicationGatewayBackendAddressPools": [
{
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/myAPPGW7xxxxx/backendAddressPools/appGatewayBackendPool",
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx"
}
],
"privateIPAddressVersion": "IPv4",
"publicIPAddressConfiguration": {
"name": "instancepublicip",
"properties": {
"idleTimeoutInMinutes": 10,
"ipTags": [],
"publicIPAddressVersion": "IPv4"
}
},
"subnet": {
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/myVNetxxxxx/subnets/myVMSN7xxxxx",
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxxx"
}
}
}
],
"primary": true
}
}
]
},
"osProfile": {
"adminUsername": "azureuser",
"allowExtensionOperations": true,
"computerNamePrefix": "myvmsa53c",
"linuxConfiguration": {
"disablePasswordAuthentication": true,
"enableVMAgentPlatformUpdates": false,
"provisionVMAgent": true,
"ssh": {
"publicKeys": [
{
"keyData": "ssh-rsa xxxxxxxx",
"path": "/home/azureuser/.ssh/authorized_keys"
}
]
}
},
"requireGuestProvisionSignal": true,
"secrets": []
},
"storageProfile": {
"diskControllerType": "SCSI",
"imageReference": {
"offer": "0001-com-ubuntu-server-jammy",
"publisher": "Canonical",
"sku": "22_04-lts-gen2",
"version": "latest"
},
"osDisk": {
"caching": "ReadWrite",
"createOption": "FromImage",
"diskSizeGB": 30,
"managedDisk": {
"storageAccountType": "Premium_LRS"
},
"osType": "Linux"
}
},
"timeCreated": "20xx-xx-xxTxx:xx:xx.xxxxxx+00:00"
},
"zoneBalance": false
}
}
Installera ngnix med tillägg för vm-skalningsuppsättningar
Följande kommando använder tillägget Vm-skalningsuppsättningar för att köra ett anpassat skript som installerar ngnix och publicerar en sida som visar värdnamnet för den virtuella datorn som http-begäranden träffar.
az vmss extension set --publisher Microsoft.Azure.Extensions --version 2.0 --name CustomScript --resource-group $MY_RESOURCE_GROUP_NAME --vmss-name $MY_VMSS_NAME --settings '{ "fileUris": ["https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Azure-Samples/compute-automation-configurations/master/automate_nginx.sh"], "commandToExecute": "./automate_nginx.sh" }' -o JSON
Resultat:
{
"additionalCapabilities": null,
"automaticRepairsPolicy": null,
"constrainedMaximumCapacity": null,
"doNotRunExtensionsOnOverprovisionedVMs": false,
"extendedLocation": null,
"hostGroup": null,
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachineScaleSets/myVMSSxxxxx",
"identity": null,
"location": "eastus",
"name": "myVMSSxxxx",
"orchestrationMode": "Uniform",
"overprovision": true,
"plan": null,
"platformFaultDomainCount": 1,
"priorityMixPolicy": null,
"provisioningState": "Succeeded",
"proximityPlacementGroup": null,
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxx",
"scaleInPolicy": null,
"singlePlacementGroup": false,
"sku": {
"capacity": 2,
"name": "Standard_DS2_v2",
"tier": "Standard"
},
"spotRestorePolicy": null,
"tags": {},
"timeCreated": "20xx-xx-xxTxx:xx:xx.xxxxxx+00:00",
"type": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachineScaleSets",
"uniqueId": "xxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxx",
"upgradePolicy": {
"automaticOsUpgradePolicy": null,
"mode": "Automatic",
"rollingUpgradePolicy": {
"enableCrossZoneUpgrade": null,
"maxBatchInstancePercent": 20,
"maxSurge": false,
"maxUnhealthyInstancePercent": 20,
"maxUnhealthyUpgradedInstancePercent": 20,
"pauseTimeBetweenBatches": "PT0S",
"prioritizeUnhealthyInstances": null,
"rollbackFailedInstancesOnPolicyBreach": false
}
},
"virtualMachineProfile": {
"applicationProfile": null,
"billingProfile": null,
"capacityReservation": null,
"diagnosticsProfile": null,
"evictionPolicy": null,
"extensionProfile": {
"extensions": [
{
"autoUpgradeMinorVersion": true,
"enableAutomaticUpgrade": null,
"forceUpdateTag": null,
"id": null,
"name": "CustomScript",
"protectedSettings": null,
"protectedSettingsFromKeyVault": null,
"provisionAfterExtensions": null,
"provisioningState": null,
"publisher": "Microsoft.Azure.Extensions",
"settings": {
"commandToExecute": "./automate_nginx.sh",
"fileUris": [
"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Azure-Samples/compute-automation-configurations/master/automate_nginx.sh"
]
},
"suppressFailures": null,
"type": null,
"typeHandlerVersion": "2.0",
"typePropertiesType": "CustomScript"
}
],
"extensionsTimeBudget": null
},
"hardwareProfile": null,
"licenseType": null,
"networkProfile": {
"healthProbe": null,
"networkApiVersion": null,
"networkInterfaceConfigurations": [
{
"deleteOption": null,
"disableTcpStateTracking": false,
"dnsSettings": {
"dnsServers": []
},
"enableAcceleratedNetworking": false,
"enableFpga": null,
"enableIpForwarding": false,
"ipConfigurations": [
{
"applicationGatewayBackendAddressPools": [
{
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/myAPPGWxxxx/backendAddressPools/appGatewayBackendPool",
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx"
}
],
"applicationSecurityGroups": null,
"loadBalancerBackendAddressPools": null,
"loadBalancerInboundNatPools": null,
"name": "myvmsdxxxIPConfig",
"primary": null,
"privateIpAddressVersion": "IPv4",
"publicIpAddressConfiguration": null,
"subnet": {
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/myVNetxxxxx/subnets/myVMSNxxxxx",
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupaxxxxx"
}
}
],
"name": "myvmsxxxxxx",
"networkSecurityGroup": null,
"primary": true
}
]
},
"osProfile": {
"adminPassword": null,
"adminUsername": "azureuser",
"allowExtensionOperations": true,
"computerNamePrefix": "myvmsdxxx",
"customData": null,
"linuxConfiguration": {
"disablePasswordAuthentication": true,
"enableVmAgentPlatformUpdates": false,
"patchSettings": null,
"provisionVmAgent": true,
"ssh": {
"publicKeys": [
{
"keyData": "ssh-rsa xxxxxxxx",
"path": "/home/azureuser/.ssh/authorized_keys"
}
]
}
},
"requireGuestProvisionSignal": true,
"secrets": [],
"windowsConfiguration": null
},
"priority": null,
"scheduledEventsProfile": null,
"securityPostureReference": null,
"securityProfile": null,
"serviceArtifactReference": null,
"storageProfile": {
"dataDisks": null,
"diskControllerType": "SCSI",
"imageReference": {
"communityGalleryImageId": null,
"exactVersion": null,
"id": null,
"offer": "0001-com-ubuntu-server-jammy",
"publisher": "Canonical",
"sharedGalleryImageId": null,
"sku": "22_04-lts-gen2",
"version": "latest"
},
"osDisk": {
"caching": "ReadWrite",
"createOption": "FromImage",
"deleteOption": null,
"diffDiskSettings": null,
"diskSizeGb": 30,
"image": null,
"managedDisk": {
"diskEncryptionSet": null,
"securityProfile": null,
"storageAccountType": "Premium_LRS"
},
"name": null,
"osType": "Linux",
"vhdContainers": null,
"writeAcceleratorEnabled": null
}
},
"userData": null
},
"zoneBalance": false,
"zones": [
"1",
"2",
"3"
]
}
Definiera en autoskalningsprofil
Om du vill aktivera autoskalning på en skalningsuppsättning definierar du först en profil för autoskalning. Den här profilen definierar skalningsuppsättningens förvalda, lägsta och högsta kapacitet. Med de här gränserna kan du styra kostnaden genom att inte kontinuerligt skapa virtuella datorinstanser och balansera godtagbara prestanda med ett minsta antal instanser som finns kvar i en inskalningshändelse. I följande exempel anges standardvärdet, minsta kapacitet för två VM-instanser och en maximal kapacitet på 10:
az monitor autoscale create --resource-group $MY_RESOURCE_GROUP_NAME --resource $MY_VMSS_NAME --resource-type Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachineScaleSets --name autoscale --min-count 2 --max-count 10 --count 2
Resultat:
{
"enabled": true,
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxx/providers/microsoft.insights/autoscalesettings/autoscale",
"location": "eastus",
"name": "autoscale",
"namePropertiesName": "autoscale",
"notifications": [
{
"email": {
"customEmails": [],
"sendToSubscriptionAdministrator": false,
"sendToSubscriptionCoAdministrators": false
},
"webhooks": []
}
],
"predictiveAutoscalePolicy": {
"scaleLookAheadTime": null,
"scaleMode": "Disabled"
},
"profiles": [
{
"capacity": {
"default": "2",
"maximum": "10",
"minimum": "2"
},
"fixedDate": null,
"name": "default",
"recurrence": null,
"rules": []
}
],
"resourceGroup": "myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxx",
"systemData": null,
"tags": {},
"targetResourceLocation": null,
"targetResourceUri": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachineScaleSets/myVMSSxxxxxx",
"type": "Microsoft.Insights/autoscaleSettings"
}
Skapa en regel för att automatiskt skala ut
Följande kommando skapar en regel som ökar antalet virtuella datorinstanser i en skalningsuppsättning när den genomsnittliga CPU-belastningen är större än 70 % under en 5-minuters period. När regeln utlöses ökar antalet virtuella datorinstanser med tre.
az monitor autoscale rule create --resource-group $MY_RESOURCE_GROUP_NAME --autoscale-name autoscale --condition "Percentage CPU > 70 avg 5m" --scale out 3
Resultat:
{
"metricTrigger": {
"dimensions": [],
"dividePerInstance": null,
"metricName": "Percentage CPU",
"metricNamespace": null,
"metricResourceLocation": null,
"metricResourceUri": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachineScaleSets/myVMSSxxxxxx",
"operator": "GreaterThan",
"statistic": "Average",
"threshold": "70",
"timeAggregation": "Average",
"timeGrain": "PT1M",
"timeWindow": "PT5M"
},
"scaleAction": {
"cooldown": "PT5M",
"direction": "Increase",
"type": "ChangeCount",
"value": "3"
}
}
Skapa en regel för att automatiskt skala in
Skapa en annan regel med az monitor autoscale rule create som minskar antalet vm-instanser i en skalningsuppsättning när den genomsnittliga CPU-belastningen sedan sjunker under 30 % under en 5-minuters period. Följande exempel definierar regeln för att skala in antalet virtuella datorinstanser med en.
az monitor autoscale rule create --resource-group $MY_RESOURCE_GROUP_NAME --autoscale-name autoscale --condition "Percentage CPU < 30 avg 5m" --scale in 1
Resultat:
{
"metricTrigger": {
"dimensions": [],
"dividePerInstance": null,
"metricName": "Percentage CPU",
"metricNamespace": null,
"metricResourceLocation": null,
"metricResourceUri": "/subscriptions/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/myVMSSResourceGroupxxxxxx/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachineScaleSets/myVMSSxxxxxx",
"operator": "LessThan",
"statistic": "Average",
"threshold": "30",
"timeAggregation": "Average",
"timeGrain": "PT1M",
"timeWindow": "PT5M"
},
"scaleAction": {
"cooldown": "PT5M",
"direction": "Decrease",
"type": "ChangeCount",
"value": "1"
}
}
Testa sidan
Följande kommando visar den offentliga IP-adressen för din Application Gateway. Klistra in IP-adressen i en webbläsarsida för testning.
az network public-ip show --resource-group $MY_RESOURCE_GROUP_NAME --name $MY_APPGW_PUBLIC_IP_NAME --query [ipAddress] --output tsv
Rensa resurser (valfritt)
För att undvika Azure-avgifter bör du rensa onödiga resurser. När du inte längre behöver din skalningsuppsättning och andra resurser tar du bort resursgruppen och alla dess resurser med az group delete. Parametern --no-wait återför kontrollen till kommandotolken utan att vänta på att uppgiften slutförs. Parametern --yes bekräftar att du vill ta bort resurserna utan någon annan uppmaning om att göra det. I den här självstudien rensas resurser åt dig.