Så här gör du: Skapa och konsumera händelser

Exemplen i den här artikeln visar hur du arbetar med händelser. De innehåller exempel på ombudet EventHandler , ombudet EventHandler<TEventArgs> och ett anpassat ombud för att illustrera händelser med och utan data.

Exemplen använder begrepp som beskrivs i artikeln Händelser .

Exempel 1

Det första exemplet visar hur du genererar och använder en händelse som inte har data. Den innehåller en klass med namnet Counter som har en händelse med namnet ThresholdReached. Den här händelsen utlöses när ett räknarvärde är lika med eller överskrider ett tröskelvärde. Ombudet EventHandler är associerat med händelsen eftersom inga händelsedata har angetts.

using System;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    class ProgramOne
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Counter c = new Counter(new Random().Next(10));
            c.ThresholdReached += c_ThresholdReached;

            Console.WriteLine("press 'a' key to increase total");
            while (Console.ReadKey(true).KeyChar == 'a')
            {
                Console.WriteLine("adding one");
                c.Add(1);
            }
        }

        static void c_ThresholdReached(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("The threshold was reached.");
            Environment.Exit(0);
        }
    }

    class Counter
    {
        private int threshold;
        private int total;

        public Counter(int passedThreshold)
        {
            threshold = passedThreshold;
        }

        public void Add(int x)
        {
            total += x;
            if (total >= threshold)
            {
                ThresholdReached?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
            }
        }

        public event EventHandler ThresholdReached;
    }
}

Module Module1

    Sub Main()
        Dim c As Counter = New Counter(New Random().Next(10))
        AddHandler c.ThresholdReached, AddressOf c_ThresholdReached

        Console.WriteLine("press 'a' key to increase total")
        While Console.ReadKey(True).KeyChar = "a"
            Console.WriteLine("adding one")
            c.Add(1)
        End While
    End Sub

    Sub c_ThresholdReached(sender As Object, e As EventArgs)
        Console.WriteLine("The threshold was reached.")
        Environment.Exit(0)
    End Sub
End Module

Class Counter
    Private threshold As Integer
    Private total As Integer

    Public Sub New(passedThreshold As Integer)
        threshold = passedThreshold
    End Sub

    Public Sub Add(x As Integer)
        total = total + x
        If (total >= threshold) Then
            ThresholdReached?.Invoke(this. EventArgs.Empty)
        End If
    End Sub

    Public Event ThresholdReached As EventHandler
End Class

Exempel 2

Det andra exemplet visar hur du genererar och använder en händelse som tillhandahåller data. Ombudet EventHandler<TEventArgs> är associerat med händelsen och en instans av ett anpassat händelsedataobjekt tillhandahålls.

using namespace System;

public ref class ThresholdReachedEventArgs : public EventArgs
{
   public:
      property int Threshold;
      property DateTime TimeReached;
};

public ref class Counter
{
   private:
      int threshold;
      int total;

   public:
      Counter() {};

      Counter(int passedThreshold)
      {
         threshold = passedThreshold;
      }

      void Add(int x)
      {
          total += x;
          if (total >= threshold) {
             ThresholdReachedEventArgs^ args = gcnew ThresholdReachedEventArgs();
             args->Threshold = threshold;
             args->TimeReached = DateTime::Now;
             OnThresholdReached(args);
          }
      }

      event EventHandler<ThresholdReachedEventArgs^>^ ThresholdReached;

   protected:
      virtual void OnThresholdReached(ThresholdReachedEventArgs^ e)
      {
         ThresholdReached(this, e);
      }
};

public ref class SampleHandler
{
   public:
      static void c_ThresholdReached(Object^ sender, ThresholdReachedEventArgs^ e)
      {
         Console::WriteLine("The threshold of {0} was reached at {1}.",
                            e->Threshold,  e->TimeReached);
         Environment::Exit(0);
      }
};

void main()
{
   Counter^ c = gcnew Counter((gcnew Random())->Next(10));
   c->ThresholdReached += gcnew EventHandler<ThresholdReachedEventArgs^>(SampleHandler::c_ThresholdReached);

   Console::WriteLine("press 'a' key to increase total");
   while (Console::ReadKey(true).KeyChar == 'a') {
      Console::WriteLine("adding one");
      c->Add(1);
   }
}

using System;

namespace ConsoleApplication3
{
    class ProgramThree
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Counter c = new Counter(new Random().Next(10));
            c.ThresholdReached += c_ThresholdReached;

            Console.WriteLine("press 'a' key to increase total");
            while (Console.ReadKey(true).KeyChar == 'a')
            {
                Console.WriteLine("adding one");
                c.Add(1);
            }
        }

        static void c_ThresholdReached(object sender, ThresholdReachedEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("The threshold of {0} was reached at {1}.", e.Threshold,  e.TimeReached);
            Environment.Exit(0);
        }
    }

    class Counter
    {
        private int threshold;
        private int total;

        public Counter(int passedThreshold)
        {
            threshold = passedThreshold;
        }

        public void Add(int x)
        {
            total += x;
            if (total >= threshold)
            {
                ThresholdReachedEventArgs args = new ThresholdReachedEventArgs();
                args.Threshold = threshold;
                args.TimeReached = DateTime.Now;
                OnThresholdReached(args);
            }
        }

        protected virtual void OnThresholdReached(ThresholdReachedEventArgs e)
        {
            EventHandler<ThresholdReachedEventArgs> handler = ThresholdReached;
            if (handler != null)
            {
                handler(this, e);
            }
        }

        public event EventHandler<ThresholdReachedEventArgs> ThresholdReached;
    }

    public class ThresholdReachedEventArgs : EventArgs
    {
        public int Threshold { get; set; }
        public DateTime TimeReached { get; set; }
    }
}

Module Module1

    Sub Main()
        Dim c As Counter = New Counter(New Random().Next(10))
        AddHandler c.ThresholdReached, AddressOf c_ThresholdReached

        Console.WriteLine("press 'a' key to increase total")
        While Console.ReadKey(True).KeyChar = "a"
            Console.WriteLine("adding one")
            c.Add(1)
        End While
    End Sub

    Sub c_ThresholdReached(sender As Object, e As ThresholdReachedEventArgs)
        Console.WriteLine("The threshold of {0} was reached at {1}.", e.Threshold, e.TimeReached)
        Environment.Exit(0)
    End Sub
End Module

Class Counter
    Private threshold As Integer
    Private total As Integer

    Public Sub New(passedThreshold As Integer)
        threshold = passedThreshold
    End Sub

    Public Sub Add(x As Integer)
        total = total + x
        If (total >= threshold) Then
            Dim args As ThresholdReachedEventArgs = New ThresholdReachedEventArgs()
            args.Threshold = threshold
            args.TimeReached = DateTime.Now
            OnThresholdReached(args)
        End If
    End Sub

    Protected Overridable Sub OnThresholdReached(e As ThresholdReachedEventArgs)
        RaiseEvent ThresholdReached(Me, e)
    End Sub

    Public Event ThresholdReached As EventHandler(Of ThresholdReachedEventArgs)
End Class

Class ThresholdReachedEventArgs
    Inherits EventArgs

    Public Property Threshold As Integer
    Public Property TimeReached As DateTime
End Class

Exempel 3

Det tredje exemplet visar hur du deklarerar ett ombud för en händelse. Ombudet heter ThresholdReachedEventHandler. Det här exemplet är bara en bild. Vanligtvis behöver du inte deklarera ett ombud för en händelse eftersom du kan använda antingen ombudet EventHandlerEventHandler<TEventArgs> eller . Du bör endast deklarera ett ombud i sällsynta scenarier, till exempel att göra klassen tillgänglig för äldre kod som inte kan använda generiska objekt.

using System;

namespace ConsoleApplication4
{
    class ProgramFour
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Counter c = new Counter(new Random().Next(10));
            c.ThresholdReached += c_ThresholdReached;

            Console.WriteLine("press 'a' key to increase total");
            while (Console.ReadKey(true).KeyChar == 'a')
            {
                Console.WriteLine("adding one");
                c.Add(1);
            }
        }

        static void c_ThresholdReached(Object sender, ThresholdReachedEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("The threshold of {0} was reached at {1}.", e.Threshold, e.TimeReached);
            Environment.Exit(0);
        }
    }

    class Counter
    {
        private int threshold;
        private int total;

        public Counter(int passedThreshold)
        {
            threshold = passedThreshold;
        }

        public void Add(int x)
        {
            total += x;
            if (total >= threshold)
            {
                ThresholdReachedEventArgs args = new ThresholdReachedEventArgs();
                args.Threshold = threshold;
                args.TimeReached = DateTime.Now;
                OnThresholdReached(args);
            }
        }

        protected virtual void OnThresholdReached(ThresholdReachedEventArgs e)
        {
            ThresholdReachedEventHandler handler = ThresholdReached;
            if (handler != null)
            {
                handler(this, e);
            }
        }

        public event ThresholdReachedEventHandler ThresholdReached;
    }

    public class ThresholdReachedEventArgs : EventArgs
    {
        public int Threshold { get; set; }
        public DateTime TimeReached { get; set; }
    }

    public delegate void ThresholdReachedEventHandler(Object sender, ThresholdReachedEventArgs e);
}

Module Module1

    Sub Main()
        Dim c As Counter = New Counter(New Random().Next(10))
        AddHandler c.ThresholdReached, AddressOf c_ThresholdReached

        Console.WriteLine("press 'a' key to increase total")
        While Console.ReadKey(True).KeyChar = "a"
            Console.WriteLine("adding one")
            c.Add(1)
        End While
    End Sub

    Sub c_ThresholdReached(sender As Object, e As ThresholdReachedEventArgs)
        Console.WriteLine("The threshold of {0} was reached at {1}.", e.Threshold, e.TimeReached)
        Environment.Exit(0)
    End Sub
End Module

Class Counter
    Private threshold As Integer
    Private total As Integer

    Public Sub New(passedThreshold As Integer)
        threshold = passedThreshold
    End Sub

    Public Sub Add(x As Integer)
        total = total + x
        If (total >= threshold) Then
            Dim args As ThresholdReachedEventArgs = New ThresholdReachedEventArgs()
            args.Threshold = threshold
            args.TimeReached = DateTime.Now
            OnThresholdReached(args)
        End If
    End Sub

    Protected Overridable Sub OnThresholdReached(e As ThresholdReachedEventArgs)
        RaiseEvent ThresholdReached(Me, e)
    End Sub

    Public Event ThresholdReached As ThresholdReachedEventHandler
End Class

Public Class ThresholdReachedEventArgs
    Inherits EventArgs

    Public Property Threshold As Integer
    Public Property TimeReached As DateTime
End Class

Public Delegate Sub ThresholdReachedEventHandler(sender As Object, e As ThresholdReachedEventArgs)

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• Händelser