isisw 例程



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备注

特定条件下的例程测试字符。

对于从 -1 (EOF) 到 UCHAR_MAX (0xFF)(含)的任何整数自变量,is 例程都将产生有意义的结果。 参数类型应为 int

注意

对于 is 例程,传递 char 自变量类型可能会产生不可预测的结果。 如果类型为 char 的 SBCS 或 MBCS 单字节字符的值大于 0x7F,则该值为负值。 如果传递了 char,编译器可能会将该值转换为 signed intsigned long。 该值可能由编译器进行符号扩展,产生意外的结果。

对于从 -1 (WEOF) 到 0xFFFF(含)的任何整数值,isw 例程都会产生有意义的结果。 wint_t 数据类型在 <WCHAR.H> 中定义为 unsigned short。 它可以保留任何宽字符或宽字符文件尾 (WEOF) 值。

输出值受区域设置的 LC_CTYPE 类别设置的影响。 有关详细信息,请参阅 setlocale。 这些不带 _l 后缀的函数的版本使用为该区域设置相关的行为的当前区域设置;带有 _l 后缀的版本相同,只不过它们使用传递的区域设置参数。

在“C”区域设置中,is 例程的测试条件如下所示:

isalnum
字母数字(A - Z、a-z 或 0-9)。

isalpha
字母(A - Z 或 a - z)。

__isascii
ASCII 字符 (0x00 - 0x7F)。

isblank
水平制表符或空格字符(0x09 或 0x20)。

iscntrl
控制字符(0x00-0x1F 或 0x7F)。

__iscsym
字母、下划线或数字。

__iscsymf
字母或下划线。

isdigit
十进制数字 (0 - 9)。

isgraph
除空格 (0x20) 之外的可打印字符。

islower
小写字母 (a - z)。

isprint
包括空格的可打印字符 (0x20 - 0x7E)。

ispunct
标点字符。

isspace
空白字符(0x09-0x0D 或 0x20)。

isupper
大写字母 (A - Z)。

isxdigit
十六进制数字(A-F、a-f 或 0-9)。

对于 isw 例程,指定条件的测试结果与区域设置无关。 isw 函数的测试条件如下所示:

iswalnum
iswalphaiswdigit

iswalpha
属于其中一个实现定义的集合(其中 iswcntrliswdigitiswpunctiswspace 没有一个为非零)的任何宽字符。 iswalpha 仅针对 iswupperiswlower 为非零的宽字符返回非零。

iswascii
ASCII 字符 (0x0000-0x007F) 的宽字符表示形式。

iswblank
对应于标准空格字符,或是实现定义的宽字符集(其中 iswalnum 为 false)之一的宽字符。 标准空白字符是空格 (L' ') 和水平制表符 (L'\t')。

iswcntrl
控制宽字符。

__iswcsym
isalnum 为 true 的任何宽字符,或“_”字符。

__iswcsymf
iswalpha 为 true 的任何宽字符,或“_”字符。

iswctype
字符的属性由 desc 参数指定。 iswctype 的自变量 desc 的每个有效值都有一个等效的宽字符分类例程,如下表所示:

iswctype(c, desc) 与其他 isw 测试例程的等效性

自变量 desc 的值 iswctype(c, desc) 等效
_ALPHA iswalpha(c)
_ALPHA | _DIGIT iswalnum(c)
_BLANK iswblank(c)
_CONTROL iswcntrl(c)
_DIGIT iswdigit(c)
_ALPHA | _DIGIT | _PUNCT iswgraph(c)
_LOWER iswlower(c)
_ALPHA | _BLANK | _DIGIT | _PUNCT iswprint(c)
_PUNCT iswpunct(c)
_BLANK iswblank(c)
_SPACE iswspace(c)
_UPPER iswupper(c)
_HEX iswxdigit(c)

iswdigit
对应于十进制数字字符的宽字符。

iswgraph
除了空格宽字符 (L' ') 之外的可打印宽字符。

iswlower
小写字母,或 iswcntrliswdigitiswpunctiswspace 没有一个为非零的其中一个实现定义的宽字符集。 iswlower 仅对与小写字母对应的宽字符返回非零值。

iswprint
包含空格宽字符 (L' ') 的可打印宽字符。

iswpunct
既不是空格宽字符 (L' ') 也不是 iswalnum 为非零值的宽字符的可打印宽字符。

iswspace
对应于标准空白字符,或是实现定义的宽字符集(其中 iswalnum 为 false)之一的宽字符。 标准空格字符包括:空格 (L' ')、窗体源 (L'\f')、换行 (L'\n')、回车 (L'\r')、水平制表符 (L'\t') 和垂直制表符 (L'\v')。

iswupper
宽字符是一个大写字母,或是 iswcntrliswdigitiswpunctiswspace 没有一个为非零的其中一个实现定义的宽字符集。 iswupper 仅对与大写字母对应的宽字符返回非零值。

iswxdigit
对应于十六进制数字字符的宽字符。

示例

// crt_isfam.c
/* This program tests all characters between 0x0
* and 0x7F, then displays each character with abbreviations
* for the character-type codes that apply.
*/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>

int main( void )
{
   int ch;
   for( ch = 0; ch <= 0x7F; ch++ )
   {
      printf( "%.2x  ", ch );
      printf( " %c", isprint( ch )  ? ch   : ' ' );
      printf( "%4s", isalnum( ch )  ? "AN" : "" );
      printf( "%3s", isalpha( ch )  ? "A"  : "" );
      printf( "%3s", __isascii( ch )  ? "AS" : "" );
      printf( "%3s", iscntrl( ch )  ? "C"  : "" );
      printf( "%3s", __iscsym( ch )  ? "CS "  : "" );
      printf( "%3s", __iscsymf( ch )  ? "CSF"  : "" );
      printf( "%3s", isdigit( ch )  ? "D"  : "" );
      printf( "%3s", isgraph( ch )  ? "G"  : "" );
      printf( "%3s", islower( ch )  ? "L"  : "" );
      printf( "%3s", ispunct( ch )  ? "PU" : "" );
      printf( "%3s", isspace( ch )  ? "S"  : "" );
      printf( "%3s", isprint( ch )  ? "PR" : "" );
      printf( "%3s", isupper( ch )  ? "U"  : "" );
      printf( "%3s", isxdigit( ch ) ? "X"  : "" );
      printf( ".\n" );
   }
}

输出

00            AS  C                              .
01            AS  C                              .
02            AS  C                              .
03            AS  C                              .
04            AS  C                              .
05            AS  C                              .
06            AS  C                              .
07            AS  C                              .
08            AS  C                              .
09            AS  C                    S         .
0a            AS  C                    S         .
0b            AS  C                    S         .
0c            AS  C                    S         .
0d            AS  C                    S         .
0e            AS  C                              .
0f            AS  C                              .
10            AS  C                              .
11            AS  C                              .
12            AS  C                              .
13            AS  C                              .
14            AS  C                              .
15            AS  C                              .
16            AS  C                              .
17            AS  C                              .
18            AS  C                              .
19            AS  C                              .
1a            AS  C                              .
1b            AS  C                              .
1c            AS  C                              .
1d            AS  C                              .
1e            AS  C                              .
1f            AS  C                              .
20            AS                       S PR      .
21   !        AS              G    PU    PR      .
22   "        AS              G    PU    PR      .
23   #        AS              G    PU    PR      .
24   $        AS              G    PU    PR      .
25   %        AS              G    PU    PR      .
26   &        AS              G    PU    PR      .
27   '        AS              G    PU    PR      .
28   (        AS              G    PU    PR      .
29   )        AS              G    PU    PR      .
2a   *        AS              G    PU    PR      .
2b   +        AS              G    PU    PR      .
2c   ,        AS              G    PU    PR      .
2d   -        AS              G    PU    PR      .
2e   .        AS              G    PU    PR      .
2f   /        AS              G    PU    PR      .
30   0  AN    AS   CS      D  G          PR     X.
31   1  AN    AS   CS      D  G          PR     X.
32   2  AN    AS   CS      D  G          PR     X.
33   3  AN    AS   CS      D  G          PR     X.
34   4  AN    AS   CS      D  G          PR     X.
35   5  AN    AS   CS      D  G          PR     X.
36   6  AN    AS   CS      D  G          PR     X.
37   7  AN    AS   CS      D  G          PR     X.
38   8  AN    AS   CS      D  G          PR     X.
39   9  AN    AS   CS      D  G          PR     X.
3a   :        AS              G    PU    PR      .
3b   ;        AS              G    PU    PR      .
3c   <        AS              G    PU    PR      .
3d   =        AS              G    PU    PR      .
3e   >        AS              G    PU    PR      .
3f   ?        AS              G    PU    PR      .
40   @        AS              G    PU    PR      .
41   A  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U  X.
42   B  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U  X.
43   C  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U  X.
44   D  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U  X.
45   E  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U  X.
46   F  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U  X.
47   G  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U   .
48   H  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U   .
49   I  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U   .
4a   J  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U   .
4b   K  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U   .
4c   L  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U   .
4d   M  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U   .
4e   N  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U   .
4f   O  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U   .
50   P  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U   .
51   Q  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U   .
52   R  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U   .
53   S  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U   .
54   T  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U   .
55   U  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U   .
56   V  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U   .
57   W  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U   .
58   X  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U   .
59   Y  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U   .
5a   Z  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G          PR  U   .
5b   [        AS              G    PU    PR      .
5c   \        AS              G    PU    PR      .
5d   ]        AS              G    PU    PR      .
5e   ^        AS              G    PU    PR      .
5f   _        AS   CS CSF     G    PU    PR      .
60   `        AS              G    PU    PR      .
61   a  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR     X.
62   b  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR     X.
63   c  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR     X.
64   d  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR     X.
65   e  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR     X.
66   f  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR     X.
67   g  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR      .
68   h  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR      .
69   i  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR      .
6a   j  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR      .
6b   k  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR      .
6c   l  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR      .
6d   m  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR      .
6e   n  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR      .
6f   o  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR      .
70   p  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR      .
71   q  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR      .
72   r  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR      .
73   s  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR      .
74   t  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR      .
75   u  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR      .
76   v  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR      .
77   w  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR      .
78   x  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR      .
79   y  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR      .
7a   z  AN  A AS   CS CSF     G  L       PR      .
7b   {        AS              G    PU    PR      .
7c   |        AS              G    PU    PR      .
7d   }        AS              G    PU    PR      .
7e   ~        AS              G    PU    PR      .
7f            AS  C                              .

另请参阅

字符分类
区域设置
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多字节字符序列的解释
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