使用 XmlSchemaSet 进行验证

更新：November 2007

XmlSchemaSet 是可以存储 XML 架构定义语言 (XSD) 架构的缓存或库。XmlSchemaSet 通过将架构缓存在内存中，而不是从文件或 URL 访问架构，从而提高性能。 XmlSchemaSet 中的每个架构通过命名空间 URI 和架构位置来标识，命名空间 URI 和架构位置在架构添加到 XmlSchemaSet 时指定。 Schemas 属性分配要使用的 XmlSchemaSet 对象。

示例

以下示例使用 XmlSchemaSet 中存储的架构验证 XML 文件。 XML 文件 urn:bookstore-schema 中的命名空间标识 XmlSchemaSet 中要用于验证的架构。

Imports System
Imports System.Xml
Imports System.Xml.Schema
Imports System.IO

public class Sample 

  public shared sub Main() 

    ' Create the XmlSchemaSet class.
    Dim sc as XmlSchemaSet = new XmlSchemaSet()

    ' Add the schema to the collection.
    sc.Add("urn:bookstore-schema", "books.xsd")

    ' Set the validation settings.
    Dim settings as XmlReaderSettings = new XmlReaderSettings()
    settings.ValidationType = ValidationType.Schema
    settings.Schemas = sc
    AddHandler settings.ValidationEventHandler, AddressOf ValidationCallBack

    ' Create the XmlReader object.
    Dim reader as XmlReader = XmlReader.Create("booksSchemaFail.xml", settings)

    ' Parse the file. 
    while reader.Read()
    end while

  end sub

  ' Display any validation errors.
  private shared sub ValidationCallBack(sender as object, e as ValidationEventArgs) 
    Console.WriteLine("Validation Error: {0}", e.Message)
  end sub
end class

using System;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Schema;
using System.IO;

public class Sample {

  public static void Main() {

    // Create the XmlSchemaSet class.
    XmlSchemaSet sc = new XmlSchemaSet();

    // Add the schema to the collection.
    sc.Add("urn:bookstore-schema", "books.xsd");

    // Set the validation settings.
    XmlReaderSettings settings = new XmlReaderSettings();
    settings.ValidationType = ValidationType.Schema;
    settings.Schemas = sc;
    settings.ValidationEventHandler += new ValidationEventHandler (ValidationCallBack);

    // Create the XmlReader object.
    XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create("booksSchemaFail.xml", settings);

    // Parse the file. 
    while (reader.Read());

  }

  // Display any validation errors.
  private static void ValidationCallBack(object sender, ValidationEventArgs e) {
    Console.WriteLine("Validation Error: {0}", e.Message);
  }
}

#using <System.Xml.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Xml;
using namespace System::Xml::Schema;
using namespace System::IO;

// Display any validation errors.
static void ValidationCallBack( Object^ /*sender*/, ValidationEventArgs^ e )
{
   Console::WriteLine( L"Validation Error: {0}", e->Message );
}

int main()
{
   // Create the XmlSchemaSet class.
   XmlSchemaSet^ sc = gcnew XmlSchemaSet;

   // Add the schema to the collection.
   sc->Add( L"urn:bookstore-schema", L"books.xsd" );

   // Set the validation settings.
   XmlReaderSettings^ settings = gcnew XmlReaderSettings;
   settings->ValidationType = ValidationType::Schema;
   settings->Schemas = sc;
   settings->ValidationEventHandler += gcnew ValidationEventHandler( ValidationCallBack );

   // Create the XmlReader object.
   XmlReader^ reader = XmlReader::Create( L"booksSchemaFail.xml", settings );

   // Parse the file. 
   while ( reader->Read() )
      ;

   return 1;
}

输入

示例使用下列两个输入文件。

booksSchemaFail.xml

<?xml version='1.0'?>
<bookstore xmlns="urn:bookstore-schema">
  <book>
    <author>
      <first-name>Benjamin</first-name>
      <last-name>Franklin</last-name>
    </author>
  </book>
  <book genre="novel">
    <title>The Confidence Man</title>
    <author>
      <first-name>Herman</first-name>
      <last-name>Melville</last-name>
    </author>
    <price>11.99</price>
  </book>
  <book genre="philosophy">
    <title>The Gorgias</title>
    <author>
      <name>Plato</name>
    </author>
    <price>9.99</price>
  </book>
</bookstore>

books.xsd

<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
    xmlns="urn:bookstore-schema"
    elementFormDefault="qualified"
    targetNamespace="urn:bookstore-schema">

 <xsd:element name="bookstore" type="bookstoreType"/>

 <xsd:complexType name="bookstoreType">
  <xsd:sequence maxOccurs="unbounded">
   <xsd:element name="book"  type="bookType"/>
  </xsd:sequence>
 </xsd:complexType>

 <xsd:complexType name="bookType">
  <xsd:sequence>
   <xsd:element name="title" type="xsd:string"/>
   <xsd:element name="author" type="authorName"/>
   <xsd:element name="price"  type="xsd:decimal"/>
  </xsd:sequence>
  <xsd:attribute name="genre" type="xsd:string"/>
 </xsd:complexType>

 <xsd:complexType name="authorName">
  <xsd:sequence>
   <xsd:element name="first-name"  type="xsd:string"/>
   <xsd:element name="last-name" type="xsd:string"/>
  </xsd:sequence>
 </xsd:complexType>

</xsd:schema>

输出

验证错误： 命名空间“urn:bookstore-schema”中的元素“book”在命名空间“urn:bookstore-schema”中具有无效子元素“author”。应为命名空间“urn:bookstore-schema”中的“title”。

验证错误： 命名空间“urn:bookstore-schema”中的元素“author”在命名空间“urn:bookstore-schema”中具有无效子元素“name”。应为命名空间“urn:bookstore-schema”中的“first-name”。

请参见

概念

用 XmlReader 读取 XML

其他资源

使用 XmlReader 验证 XML 数据