如何：提取与 Windows 窗体中的文件关联的图标

更新：2007 年 11 月

很多文件都有嵌入式图标，为关联的文件类型提供可视化表示形式。例如，Microsoft Word 文档包含一个将其标识为 Word 文档的图标。在列表控件或表控件中显示文件时，您可能希望将表示文件类型的图标显示在每个文件名旁边。可以使用 ExtractAssociatedIcon 方法轻松实现此目的。

示例

下面的代码示例演示如何提取与文件关联的图标并在 ListView 控件中显示文件名及其关联图标。

Private listView1 As ListView
Private imageList1 As ImageList


Public Sub ExtractAssociatedIconEx()

    ' Initialize the ListView, ImageList and Form.
    listView1 = New ListView()
    imageList1 = New ImageList()
    listView1.Location = New Point(37, 12)
    listView1.Size = New Size(161, 242)
    listView1.SmallImageList = imageList1
    listView1.View = View.SmallIcon
    Me.ClientSize = New System.Drawing.Size(292, 266)
    Me.Controls.Add(Me.listView1)
    Me.Text = "Form1"

    ' Get the c:\ directory.
    Dim dir As New System.IO.DirectoryInfo("c:\")

    Dim item As ListViewItem
    listView1.BeginUpdate()
    Dim file As FileInfo
    For Each file In dir.GetFiles()

        ' Set a default icon for the file.
        Dim iconForFile As Icon = SystemIcons.WinLogo

        item = New ListViewItem(file.Name, 1)

        ' Check to see if the image collection contains an image
        ' for this extension, using the extension as a key.
        If Not (imageList1.Images.ContainsKey(file.Extension)) Then

            ' If not, add the image to the image list.
            iconForFile = System.Drawing.Icon.ExtractAssociatedIcon(file.FullName)
            imageList1.Images.Add(file.Extension, iconForFile)
        End If
        item.ImageKey = file.Extension
        listView1.Items.Add(item)

    Next file
    listView1.EndUpdate()
End Sub

ListView listView1;
ImageList imageList1;

public void ExtractAssociatedIconEx()
{
    // Initialize the ListView, ImageList and Form.
    listView1 = new ListView();
    imageList1 = new ImageList();
    listView1.Location = new Point(37, 12);
    listView1.Size = new Size(151, 262);
    listView1.SmallImageList = imageList1;
    listView1.View = View.SmallIcon;
    this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(292, 266);
    this.Controls.Add(this.listView1);
    this.Text = "Form1";

    // Get the c:\ directory.
    System.IO.DirectoryInfo dir = new System.IO.DirectoryInfo(@"c:\");

    ListViewItem item;
    listView1.BeginUpdate();

    // For each file in the c:\ directory, create a ListViewItem
    // and set the icon to the icon extracted from the file.
    foreach (FileInfo file in dir.GetFiles())
    {
        // Set a default icon for the file.
        Icon iconForFile = SystemIcons.WinLogo;

        item = new ListViewItem(file.Name, 1);
        iconForFile = Icon.ExtractAssociatedIcon(file.FullName);

        // Check to see if the image collection contains an image
        // for this extension, using the extension as a key.
        if (!imageList1.Images.ContainsKey(file.Extension))
        {
            // If not, add the image to the image list.
            iconForFile = System.Drawing.Icon.ExtractAssociatedIcon(file.FullName);
            imageList1.Images.Add(file.Extension, iconForFile);
        }
        item.ImageKey = file.Extension;
        listView1.Items.Add(item);
    }
    listView1.EndUpdate();
}

编译代码

编译此示例：

• 将前面的代码粘贴到一个 Windows 窗体中，并从该窗体的构造函数或 Load 事件处理方法中调用 ExtractAssociatedIconExample 方法。

  您需要确保窗体导入 System.IO 命名空间。

请参见

其他资源

图像、位图和图元文件

ListView 控件（Windows 窗体）