查找默认段落样式

在 WordprocessingML 文档中操作信息教程中的第一项任务是在文档中查找默认段落样式。

示例

说明

下面的示例打开一个 Office Open XML WordprocessingML 文档，查找文档和包的样式部分，然后执行查找默认样式名称的查询。 有关 Office Open XML 文档包和构成包的各个部分的信息，请参见 Office Open XML WordprocessingML 文档的详细信息。

查询将查找名为 w:style 的节点，该节点具有值为“paragraph”的名为 w:type 的属性和值为“1”的名为 w:default 的属性。 由于将只有一个 XML 节点具有这些属性，因此查询使用 Enumerable.First 运算符将集合转换为单一实例。 然后，它获取名为 w:styleId 的属性的值。

本示例使用 WindowsBase 程序集中的类。 它使用 System.IO.Packaging 命名空间中的类型。

代码

const string fileName = "SampleDoc.docx";

const string documentRelationshipType =
  "https://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/officeDocument";
const string stylesRelationshipType =
  "https://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/styles";
const string wordmlNamespace =
  "https://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main";
XNamespace w = wordmlNamespace;

XDocument xDoc = null;
XDocument styleDoc = null;

using (Package wdPackage = Package.Open(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
{
    PackageRelationship docPackageRelationship =
      wdPackage.GetRelationshipsByType(documentRelationshipType).FirstOrDefault();
    if (docPackageRelationship != null)
    {
        Uri documentUri = PackUriHelper.ResolvePartUri(new Uri("/", UriKind.Relative),
          docPackageRelationship.TargetUri);
        PackagePart documentPart = wdPackage.GetPart(documentUri);

        //  Load the document XML in the part into an XDocument instance.
        xDoc = XDocument.Load(XmlReader.Create(documentPart.GetStream()));

        //  Find the styles part. There will only be one.
        PackageRelationship styleRelation =
          documentPart.GetRelationshipsByType(stylesRelationshipType).FirstOrDefault();
        if (styleRelation != null)
        {
            Uri styleUri = PackUriHelper.ResolvePartUri(documentUri, styleRelation.TargetUri);
            PackagePart stylePart = wdPackage.GetPart(styleUri);

            //  Load the style XML in the part into an XDocument instance.
            styleDoc = XDocument.Load(XmlReader.Create(stylePart.GetStream()));
        }
    }
}

// The following query finds all the paragraphs that have the default style.
string defaultStyle = 
    (string)(
        from style in styleDoc.Root.Elements(w + "style")
        where (string)style.Attribute(w + "type") == "paragraph"&&
              (string)style.Attribute(w + "default") == "1"
              select style
    ).First().Attribute(w + "styleId");

Console.WriteLine("The default style is: {0}", defaultStyle);

Imports <xmlns:w="https://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main">

Module Module1

    Sub Main()

        Const fileName As String = "SampleDoc.docx"

        Const documentRelationshipType As String = _
          "https://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/officeDocument"
        Const stylesRelationshipType As String = _
          "https://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/styles"

        Dim xDoc As XDocument = Nothing
        Dim styleDoc As XDocument = Nothing

        Using wdPackage As Package = Package.Open(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read)
            Dim docPackageRelationship As PackageRelationship = _
              wdPackage.GetRelationshipsByType(documentRelationshipType).FirstOrDefault()
            If docPackageRelationship IsNot Nothing Then
                Dim documentUri As Uri = PackUriHelper.ResolvePartUri(New Uri("/", UriKind.Relative), _
                  docPackageRelationship.TargetUri)
                Dim documentPart As PackagePart = wdPackage.GetPart(documentUri)

                ' Load the document XML in the part into an XDocument instance.
                xDoc = XDocument.Load(XmlReader.Create(documentPart.GetStream()))

                ' Find the styles part. There will only be one.
                Dim styleRelation As PackageRelationship = _
                  documentPart.GetRelationshipsByType(stylesRelationshipType).FirstOrDefault()
                If styleRelation IsNot Nothing Then
                    Dim styleUri As Uri = _
                      PackUriHelper.ResolvePartUri(documentUri, styleRelation.TargetUri)
                    Dim stylePart As PackagePart = wdPackage.GetPart(styleUri)

                    ' Load the style XML in the part into an XDocument instance.
                    styleDoc = XDocument.Load(XmlReader.Create(stylePart.GetStream()))
                End If
            End If
        End Using

        ' The following query finds all the paragraphs that have the default style.
        Dim defParas As IEnumerable(Of XElement) = _
            From style In styleDoc.Root.<w:style> _
            Where style.@w:type.Equals("paragraph") And _
                   style.@w:default.Equals("1") _
            Select style
        ' Then find the style of the first.
        Dim defaultStyle As String = defParas.First().@w:styleId

        Console.WriteLine("The default style is: " & defaultStyle)
    End Sub
End Module

注释

此示例产生以下输出：

The default style is: Normal

后续步骤

在下一个示例中，我们将创建一个类似的查询，查找文档中的所有段落及其样式：

• 检索段落及其样式

请参见

概念

教程：操作 WordprocessingML 文档中的内容