IWinHttpRequest：：SetCredentials 方法

SetCredentials 方法设置要与 HTTP 服务器一起使用的凭据，无论是代理服务器还是原始服务器。

语法

HRESULT SetCredentials(
  [in] BSTR                             UserName,
  [in] BSTR                             Password,
  [in] HTTPREQUEST_SETCREDENTIALS_FLAGS Flags
);

参数

UserName [in]

指定用于身份验证的用户名。

密码 [in]

指定用于身份验证的密码。 如果 bstrUserName 为 NULL 或缺失，则忽略此参数。

Flags [in]

指定 IWinHttpRequest 何时使用凭据。 可以是以下值之一。

值	含义
HTTPREQUEST_SETCREDENTIALS_FOR_SERVER	凭据将传递到服务器。
HTTPREQUEST_SETCREDENTIALS_FOR_PROXY	凭据将传递给代理。

返回值

返回值在成功 时S_OK ，否则返回值为错误值。

备注

如果对 Open 的调用未成功完成，此方法将返回错误值。 假定用户必须先与代理服务器或源服务器进行某种交互，然后用户才能设置会话的凭据。 此外，除非用户知道支持哪个身份验证方案 () ，否则他们无法设置凭据的格式。

若要使用服务器和代理进行身份验证，应用程序必须调用 SetCredentials 两次;首先将 Flags 参数设置为 HTTPREQUEST_SETCREDENTIALS_FOR_SERVER，第二个将 Flags 参数设置为 HTTPREQUEST_SETCREDENTIALS_FOR_PROXY。

示例

以下示例演示如何打开 HTTP 连接、设置服务器的凭据、发送 HTTP 请求以及读取响应文本。 必须从命令提示符运行此示例。

#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <objbase.h>

#include "httprequest.h"

#pragma comment(lib, "ole32.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "oleaut32.lib")

// IID for IWinHttpRequest.
const IID IID_IWinHttpRequest =
{
  0x06f29373,
  0x5c5a,
  0x4b54,
  {0xb0, 0x25, 0x6e, 0xf1, 0xbf, 0x8a, 0xbf, 0x0e}
};

int main()
{
    // Variable for return value
    HRESULT    hr;

    // Initialize COM.
    hr = CoInitialize( NULL );

    IWinHttpRequest *  pIWinHttpRequest = NULL;

    BSTR            bstrResponse = NULL;
    VARIANT         varFalse;
    VARIANT         varEmpty;

    CLSID           clsid;

    VariantInit(&varFalse);
    V_VT(&varFalse)   = VT_BOOL;
    V_BOOL(&varFalse) = VARIANT_FALSE;

    VariantInit(&varEmpty);
    V_VT(&varEmpty) = VT_ERROR;

    hr = CLSIDFromProgID(L"WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5.1", &clsid);

    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        hr = CoCreateInstance(clsid, NULL,
                              CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
                              IID_IWinHttpRequest,
                              (void **)&pIWinHttpRequest);
    }
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {    // Open WinHttpRequest.
        BSTR bstrMethod = SysAllocString(L"GET");
        BSTR bstrUrl = SysAllocString(L"https://microsoft.com");
        hr = pIWinHttpRequest->Open(bstrMethod, bstrUrl, varFalse);
        SysFreeString(bstrMethod);
        SysFreeString(bstrUrl);
    }
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {    // Set Credentials.
        BSTR bstrUserName = SysAllocString(L"User Name");
        BSTR bstrPassword = SysAllocString(L"Password");
        hr = pIWinHttpRequest->SetCredentials(
                               bstrUserName,
                               bstrPassword,
                               HTTPREQUEST_SETCREDENTIALS_FOR_SERVER);
        SysFreeString(bstrUserName);
        SysFreeString(bstrPassword);
    }
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {    // Send Request.
        hr = pIWinHttpRequest->Send(varEmpty);
    }
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {    // Get Response text.
        hr = pIWinHttpRequest->get_ResponseText(&bstrResponse);
    }
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {    // Print response to console.
        wprintf(L"%.256s",bstrResponse);
    }

    // Release memory.
    if (pIWinHttpRequest)
        pIWinHttpRequest->Release();
    if (bstrResponse)
        SysFreeString(bstrResponse);

    CoUninitialize();
    return 0;
}

以下脚本示例演示如何打开 HTTP 连接、设置服务器的凭据、设置代理的凭据（如果使用），如何发送 HTTP 请求以及读取响应文本。

// HttpRequest SetCredentials flags
HTTPREQUEST_SETCREDENTIALS_FOR_SERVER = 0;
HTTPREQUEST_SETCREDENTIALS_FOR_PROXY = 1;

// Instantiate a WinHttpRequest object.
var WinHttpReq = new ActiveXObject("WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5.1");

// Specify the target resource.
var targURL = "https://msdn.microsoft.com/downloads/samples/"+
              "internet/winhttp/auth/authenticate.asp";    
WinHttpReq.open("GET", targURL, false);

var Done = false;
var LastStatus=0;
do {
    // Send a request to the server and wait for a response.                               
    WinHttpReq.send(); 
    
    // Obtain the status code from the response.
    var Status = WinHttpReq.Status;

    switch (Status){
        // A 200 status indicates that the resource was retrieved.
        case 200:
            Done = true;
            break;
                
        // A 401 status indicates that the server 
        // requires authentication.    
        case 401:
            WScript.Echo("Requires Server UserName and Password.");

            // Specify the target resource.
            WinHttpReq.open("GET", targURL, false);
                            
            // Set credentials for the server.
            WinHttpReq.SetCredentials("User Name", "Password", 
                        HTTPREQUEST_SETCREDENTIALS_FOR_SERVER);

            // If the same credentials are requested twice, abort 
            // the request.  For simplicity, this sample does not 
            // check for a repeated sequence of status codes.
            if (LastStatus==401)
                Done = true;
            break;

        // A 407 status indicates that the proxy 
        // requires authentication.    
        case 407:
            WScript.Echo("Requires Proxy UserName and Password.");
                
            // Specify the target resource.
            WinHttpReq.open("GET", targURL, false);
    
            // Set credentials for the proxy.
            WinHttpReq.SetCredentials("User Name", "Password", 
                HTTPREQUEST_SETCREDENTIALS_FOR_PROXY);

            // If the same credentials are requested twice, abort 
            // the request.  For simplicity, this sample does not 
            // check for a repeated sequence of status codes.
            if (LastStatus==407)
                Done = true;
            break;
        
        // Any other status is unexpected.
        default:
            WScript.Echo("Unexpected Status: "+Status);
            Done = true;
            break;
    }
    
    // Keep track of the last status code.
    LastStatus = Status;
    
} while (!Done);

// Display the results of the request.
WScript.Echo(WinHttpReq.Status + "   " + WinHttpReq.StatusText);
WScript.Echo(WinHttpReq.GetAllResponseHeaders());

要求

另请参阅

IWinHttpRequest

WinHttpRequest

WinHTTP 版本