HOW TO：將查詢選項加入至資料服務查詢 (WCF Data Services)

WCF Data Services 可讓您使用所產生的用戶端資料服務類別，從以 .NET Framework 為基礎的用戶端應用程式查詢資料服務。 要執行此作業之最簡易的方式是撰寫 Language Integrated Query (LINQ) 查詢運算式，其中要包含想要的查詢選項。 您也可以呼叫一系列的 LINQ 查詢方法來撰寫功能相等的查詢。 最後，您可以使用 AddQueryOption 方法，在查詢中加入查詢選項。 在每個案例中，用戶端產生的 URI 都會包括所要求的實體集，以及選取的已套用之查詢選項。 如需詳細資訊，請參閱查詢資料服務 (WCF Data Services)。

本主題的範例使用 Northwind 範例資料服務，以及自動產生的用戶端資料服務類別。 此服務和用戶端資料類別會在您完成 WCF Data Services 快速入門時建立。

範例

下列範例示範如何撰寫 LINQ 查詢運算式，該運算式只會傳回運費超過 $30 美元的訂單，並按出貨日期遞減排序結果。

' Create the DataServiceContext using the service URI.
Dim context = New NorthwindEntities(svcUri)

' Define a query for orders with a Freight value greater than 30
' and that is ordered by the ship date, descending.
Dim selectedOrders = From o In context.Orders _
        Where (o.Freight > 30) _
        Order By o.ShippedDate Descending _
        Select o

Try
    ' Enumerate over the results of the query.
    For Each order As Order In selectedOrders
        Console.WriteLine("Order ID: {0} - Ship Date: {1} - Freight: {2}", _
                order.OrderID, order.ShippedDate, order.Freight)
    Next
Catch ex As DataServiceQueryException
    Throw New ApplicationException( _
            "An error occurred during query execution.", ex)
End Try

// Create the DataServiceContext using the service URI.
NorthwindEntities context = new NorthwindEntities(svcUri);

// Define a query for orders with a Freight value greater than 30
// and that is ordered by the ship date, descending.
var selectedOrders = from o in context.Orders
                     where o.Freight > 30
                     orderby o.ShippedDate descending 
                     select o;

try
{
    // Enumerate over the results of the query.
    foreach (Order order in selectedOrders)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Order ID: {0} - Ship Date: {1} - Freight: {2}",
            order.OrderID, order.ShippedDate, order.Freight);
    }
}
catch (DataServiceQueryException ex)
{
    throw new ApplicationException(
        "An error occurred during query execution.", ex);
}

下列範例示範如何利用 LINQ 查詢方法撰寫相當於前一個查詢的 LINQ 查詢。

' Create the DataServiceContext using the service URI.
Dim context = New NorthwindEntities(svcUri)

' Define a query for orders with a Freight value greater than 30
' and that is ordered by the ship date, descending.
Dim selectedOrders = context.Orders _
                     .Where(Function(o) o.Freight.Value > 30) _
                     .OrderByDescending(Function(o) o.ShippedDate)

Try
    ' Enumerate over the results of the query.
    For Each order As Order In selectedOrders

        Console.WriteLine("Order ID: {0} - Ship Date: {1} - Freight: {2}", _
                order.OrderID, order.ShippedDate, order.Freight)
    Next
Catch ex As DataServiceQueryException
    Throw New ApplicationException( _
        "An error occurred during query execution.", ex)
End Try

// Create the DataServiceContext using the service URI.
NorthwindEntities context = new NorthwindEntities(svcUri);

// Define a query for orders with a Freight value greater than 30
// and that is ordered by the ship date, descending.
var selectedOrders = context.Orders
                    .Where(o => o.Freight > 30)
                    .OrderByDescending(o => o.ShippedDate);

try
{
    // Enumerate over the results of the query.
    foreach (Order currentOrder in selectedOrders)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Order ID: {0} - Ship Date: {1} - Freight: {2}",
            currentOrder.OrderID, currentOrder.ShippedDate, 
            currentOrder.Freight);
    }
}
catch (DataServiceQueryException ex)
{
    throw new ApplicationException(
        "An error occurred during query execution.", ex);
}

下列範例示範如何使用 AddQueryOption 方法來建立相當於前面範例的 DataServiceQuery。

' Create the DataServiceContext using the service URI.
Dim context = New NorthwindEntities(svcUri)

' Define a query for orders with a Freight value greater than 30
' and that is ordered by the ship date, descending.
Dim selectedOrders As DataServiceQuery(Of Order) = context.Orders _
.AddQueryOption("$filter", "Freight gt 30") _
.AddQueryOption("$orderby", "OrderID desc")

Try
    ' Enumerate over the results of the query.
    For Each order As Order In selectedOrders
        Console.WriteLine("Order ID: {0} - Ship Date: {1} - Freight: {2}", _
                order.OrderID, order.ShippedDate, order.Freight)
    Next
Catch ex As DataServiceQueryException
    Throw New ApplicationException( _
            "An error occurred during query execution.", ex)
End Try

// Create the DataServiceContext using the service URI.
NorthwindEntities context = new NorthwindEntities(svcUri);

// Define a query for orders with a Freight value greater than 30
// and that is ordered by the ship date, descending.
DataServiceQuery<Order> selectedOrders = context.Orders
    .AddQueryOption("$filter", "Freight gt 30")
    .AddQueryOption("$orderby", "OrderID desc");

try
{
    // Enumerate over the results of the query.
    foreach (Order order in selectedOrders)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Order ID: {0} - Ship Date: {1} - Freight: {2}", 
            order.OrderID, order.ShippedDate, order.Freight);
    }
}
catch (DataServiceQueryException ex)
{
    throw new ApplicationException(
        "An error occurred during query execution.", ex);
}

下列範例示範如何使用 $orderby 查詢選項按 Freight 屬性篩選並排序傳回的 Orders 物件。

' Create the DataServiceContext using the service URI.
Dim context = New NorthwindEntities(svcUri)

' Define a query for orders with a Freight value greater than 30
' that also orders the result by the Freight value, descending.
Dim selectedOrders As DataServiceQuery(Of Order) = _
context.Orders.AddQueryOption("$orderby", "Freight gt 30 desc")

Try
    ' Enumerate over the results of the query.
    For Each order As Order In selectedOrders
        Console.WriteLine("Order ID: {0} - Freight: {1}", _
                order.OrderID, order.Freight)
    Next
Catch ex As DataServiceQueryException
    Throw New ApplicationException( _
            "An error occurred during query execution.", ex)
End Try

// Create the DataServiceContext using the service URI.
NorthwindEntities context = new NorthwindEntities(svcUri);

// Define a query for orders with a Freight value greater than 30
// that also orders the result by the Freight value, descending.
DataServiceQuery<Order> selectedOrders = context.Orders
    .AddQueryOption("$orderby", "Freight gt 30 desc");

try
{
    // Enumerate over the results of the query.
    foreach (Order order in selectedOrders)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Order ID: {0} - Freight: {1}",
            order.OrderID, order.Freight);
    }
}
catch (DataServiceQueryException ex)
{
    throw new ApplicationException(
        "An error occurred during query execution.", ex);
}

另請參閱

工作

HOW TO：專案查詢結果 (WCF Data Services)

概念

查詢資料服務 (WCF Data Services)