DataMemberAttribute Klasse

Definition

public ref class DataMemberAttribute sealed : Attribute

[System.AttributeUsage(System.AttributeTargets.Field | System.AttributeTargets.Property, AllowMultiple=false, Inherited=false)]
public sealed class DataMemberAttribute : Attribute

[<System.AttributeUsage(System.AttributeTargets.Field | System.AttributeTargets.Property, AllowMultiple=false, Inherited=false)>]
type DataMemberAttribute = class
    inherit Attribute

Public NotInheritable Class DataMemberAttribute
Inherits Attribute

Vererbung

Object

Attribute

DataMemberAttribute

Attribute

AttributeUsageAttribute

Beispiele

Das folgende Beispiel zeigt einen Typ, auf den die DataContractAttribute Attribute und DataMemberAttribute angewendet wurden. Die Name -Eigenschaft für ist DataMemberAttribute auf "ID" festgelegt.

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.Xml;

// You must apply a DataContractAttribute or SerializableAttribute
// to a class to have it serialized by the DataContractSerializer.
[DataContract()]
class Person : IExtensibleDataObject
{
    private string LastNameValue;
    // Apply the DataMemberAttribute to fields (or properties)
    // that must be serialized.
    [DataMember()]
    public string FirstName;

    [DataMember]
    public string LastName
    {
        get { return LastNameValue; }
        set { LastNameValue = value; }
    }

    [DataMember(Name = "ID")]
    public int IdNumber;

    // Note that you can apply the DataMemberAttribute to
    // a private field as well.
    [DataMember]
    private string Secret;

    public Person(string newfName, string newLName, int newIdNumber)
    {
        FirstName = newfName;
        LastName = newLName;
        IdNumber = newIdNumber;
        Secret = newfName + newLName + newIdNumber;
    }

    // The extensionDataValue field holds data from future versions
    // of the type.  This enables this type to be compatible with
    // future versions. The field is required to implement the
    // IExtensibleDataObject interface.

    private ExtensionDataObject extensionDatavalue;

    public ExtensionDataObject ExtensionData
    {
        get
        {
            return extensionDatavalue;
        }
        set
        {
            extensionDatavalue = value;
        }
    }
}

public class Test
{
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        try
        {
            WriteObject(@"DataMemberAttributeExample.xml");
            ReadObject(@"DataMemberAttributeExample.xml");
        }
        catch (Exception exc)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(
            "The serialization operation failed: {0} StackTrace: {1}",
            exc.Message, exc.StackTrace);
        }
        finally
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Press <Enter> to exit....");
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }

    public static void WriteObject(string filename)
    {
        // Create a new instance of the Person class.
        Person p1 = new Person("Zighetti", "Barbara", 101);
        FileStream writer = new FileStream(filename,
        FileMode.OpenOrCreate);
        DataContractSerializer ser =
            new DataContractSerializer(typeof(Person));
        ser.WriteObject(writer, p1);
        writer.Close();
    }

    public static void ReadObject(string filename)
    {
        // Deserialize an instance of the Person class
        // from an XML file.
        FileStream fs = new FileStream(filename,
        FileMode.OpenOrCreate);
        DataContractSerializer ser =
            new DataContractSerializer(typeof(Person));
        // Deserialize the data and read it from the instance.
        Person deserializedPerson = (Person)ser.ReadObject(fs);
        fs.Close();
        Console.WriteLine(String.Format("{0} {1}, ID: {2}",
        deserializedPerson.FirstName, deserializedPerson.LastName,
        deserializedPerson.IdNumber));
    }
}

Imports System.Collections
Imports System.IO
Imports System.Runtime.Serialization
Imports System.Xml

' You must apply a DataContractAttribute or SerializableAttribute
' to a class to have it serialized by the DataContractSerializer.
<DataContract()>  _
Class Person
    Implements IExtensibleDataObject

    Private LastNameValue As String
     
    ' Apply the DataMemberAttribute to fields (or properties) 
    ' that must be serialized.
    
    <DataMember()>  _
    Public FirstName As String
    
    <DataMember()>  _
    Public Property LastName() As String
        Get
            Return LastNameValue 
        End Get

        Set(ByVal Value As String)
           LastNameValue = Value
        End Set
    End Property

    
    <DataMember(Name:="ID")>  _
    Public IdNumber As Integer
    
    ' Note that you can apply the DataMemberAttribute to 
    ' a private field as well.
    <DataMember()>  _
    Private Secret As String
    
    Public Sub New(ByVal newfName As String, ByVal newLName As String, ByVal newIdNumber As Integer) 
        FirstName = newfName
        LastName = newLName
        IdNumber = newIdNumber
        Secret = newfName + newLName + newIdNumber.ToString()
    
    End Sub 
    
    ' The ExtensionData field holds data from future versions 
    ' of the type.  This enables this type to be compatible with 
    ' future versions. The field is required to implement the 
    ' IExtensibleObjectData interface.
    Private extensionDataValue As ExtensionDataObject
    
    Public Property ExtensionData() As ExtensionDataObject _
       Implements IExtensibleDataObject.ExtensionData
        Get
            Return extensionDataValue
        End Get
        Set
            extensionDataValue = value
        End Set
    End Property
End Class 

Public Class Test
    Public Shared Sub Main(ByVal args() As String) 
        Try
            ReadObject("DataMemberAttributeExample.xml")
            WriteObject("DataMemberAttributeExample.xml")
        Catch exc As Exception
            Console.WriteLine("The serialization operation failed: {0} StackTrace: {1}", _
            exc.Message, exc.StackTrace)
        Finally
            Console.WriteLine("Press <Enter> to exit....")
            Console.ReadLine()
        End Try
    End Sub 
    
    Public Shared Sub ReadObject(ByVal filename As String) 
        ' Create a new instance of the Person class.
        Dim p1 As New Person("Zighetti", "Barbara", 101)
        Dim writer As New FileStream(filename, FileMode.Create)
        Dim ser As New DataContractSerializer(GetType(Person))
        ser.WriteObject(writer, p1)
        writer.Close()
    End Sub 

    Public Shared Sub WriteObject(ByVal filename As String) 
        ' Deserialize an instance of the Person class 
        ' from an XML file.
        Dim fs As New FileStream(filename, FileMode.OpenOrCreate)
        Dim ser As New DataContractSerializer(getTYpe(Person))
        ' Deserialize the data and read it from the instance.
        Dim deserializedPerson As Person = ser.ReadObject(fs)
        fs.Close()
        Console.WriteLine(String.Format("{0} {1}, ID: {2}", _
        deserializedPerson.FirstName, deserializedPerson.LastName, deserializedPerson.IdNumber))
    End Sub 
End Class

Hinweise

Wenden Sie das DataMemberAttribute-Attribut zusammen mit dem DataContractAttribute an, um Member eines Typs zu identifizieren, die Teil eines Datenvertrags sind. Eines der Serialisierungsprogramme, die Datenverträge serialisieren können, ist der DataContractSerializer.

Das Datenvertragsmodell ist ein 'Opt-In'-Modell. Durch Anwendung des DataMemberAttribute auf ein Feld oder eine Eigenschaft wird explizit festgelegt, dass der Memberwert serialisiert werden soll. Im Gegensatz dazu serialisiert der XmlSerializer alle öffentlichen Felder und Eigenschaften eines Typs.

Standardmäßig wird der CLR-Membername als Name des Datenmembers verwendet. Durch Festlegen der Name-Eigenschaft können Sie den Namen des Datenmembers anpassen. Auf diese Weise kann ein Name angegeben werden, der als CLR-Membername möglicherweise nicht erlaubt ist. Beim Zuordnen zu XML mithilfe des DataContractSerializer wird dieser Name als der Name des Schemaelements in einem Typ verwendet.

Weitere Informationen zu Datenverträgen und Datenmembern finden Sie unter Verwenden von Datenverträgen. Weitere Informationen zu Membernamen finden Sie unter Standardwerte für Datenmember.

Konstruktoren

Eigenschaften

Methoden

Explizite Schnittstellenimplementierungen

Gilt für:

Weitere Informationen

• DataContractAttribute
• DataContractSerializer
• IExtensibleDataObject
• Verwenden von Datenverträgen
• Bewährte Methoden: Datenvertragsversionsverwaltung
• Standardwerte der Datenelemente
• Datenmember-Reihenfolge