ValueType Clase

Definición

public ref class ValueType abstract

public abstract class ValueType

[System.Serializable]
public abstract class ValueType

[System.Serializable]
[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)]
public abstract class ValueType

type ValueType = class

[<System.Serializable>]
type ValueType = class

[<System.Serializable>]
[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)>]
type ValueType = class

Public MustInherit Class ValueType

Herencia

Object

ValueType

Derivado

_GUID

Accessibility.__MIDL_IWinTypes_0009

Accessibility._RemotableHandle

IStream

ISymUnmanagedBinder

Más…

Atributos

SerializableAttribute ComVisibleAttribute

Comentarios

ValueType invalida los métodos virtuales de Object con implementaciones más adecuadas para los tipos de valor. Consulte también Enum, que hereda de ValueType.

Los tipos de datos se separan en tipos de valor y tipos de referencia. Los tipos de valor se asignan a la pila o se asignan en línea en una estructura. Los tipos de referencia están asignados a montón. Los tipos de referencia y valor se derivan de la clase base final Object. En los casos en los que es necesario que un tipo de valor se comporte como un objeto, un contenedor que hace que el tipo de valor parezca un objeto de referencia se asigna en el montón y el valor del tipo de valor se copia en él. El contenedor está marcado para que el sistema sepa que contiene un tipo de valor. Este proceso se conoce como conversión boxing y el proceso inverso se conoce como unboxing. Boxing y unboxing permiten que cualquier tipo se trate como un objeto.

Aunque ValueType es la clase base implícita para los tipos de valor, no puede crear una clase que herede de ValueType directamente. En su lugar, los compiladores individuales proporcionan una palabra clave de lenguaje o una construcción (como struct en C# y Structure...End Structure en Visual Basic) para admitir la creación de tipos de valor.

Además de servir como clase base para los tipos de valor en .NET Framework, la estructura de ValueType generalmente no se usa directamente en el código. Sin embargo, se puede usar como parámetro en llamadas a métodos para restringir posibles argumentos a tipos de valor en lugar de todos los objetos, o para permitir que un método controle una serie de tipos de valor diferentes. En el ejemplo siguiente se muestra cómo ValueType impide que los tipos de referencia se pasen a métodos. Define una clase denominada Utility que contiene cuatro métodos: IsNumeric, que indica si su argumento es un número; IsInteger, que indica si su argumento es un entero; IsFloat, que indica si su argumento es un número de punto flotante; y Compare, que indica la relación entre dos valores numéricos. En cada caso, los parámetros del método son de tipo ValueTypey se impide que los tipos de referencia se pasen a los métodos.

using System;
using System.Numerics;

public class Utility
{
   public enum NumericRelationship {
      GreaterThan = 1, 
      EqualTo = 0,
      LessThan = -1
   };
   
   public static NumericRelationship Compare(ValueType value1, ValueType value2)
   {
      if (! IsNumeric(value1)) 
         throw new ArgumentException("value1 is not a number.");
      else if (! IsNumeric(value2))
         throw new ArgumentException("value2 is not a number.");

      // Use BigInteger as common integral type
      if (IsInteger(value1) && IsInteger(value2)) {
         BigInteger bigint1 = (BigInteger) value1;
         BigInteger bigint2 = (BigInteger) value2;
         return (NumericRelationship) BigInteger.Compare(bigint1, bigint2);
      }
      // At least one value is floating point; use Double.
      else {
         Double dbl1 = 0;
         Double dbl2 = 0;
         try {
            dbl1 = Convert.ToDouble(value1);
         }
         catch (OverflowException) {
            Console.WriteLine("value1 is outside the range of a Double.");
         }
         try {
            dbl2 = Convert.ToDouble(value2);
         }
         catch (OverflowException) {
            Console.WriteLine("value2 is outside the range of a Double.");
         }
         return (NumericRelationship) dbl1.CompareTo(dbl2);
      }
   }
   
   public static bool IsInteger(ValueType value)
   {         
      return (value is SByte || value is Int16 || value is Int32 
              || value is Int64 || value is Byte || value is UInt16  
              || value is UInt32 || value is UInt64 
              || value is BigInteger); 
   }

   public static bool IsFloat(ValueType value) 
   {         
      return (value is float || value is double || value is Decimal);
   }

   public static bool IsNumeric(ValueType value)
   {
      return (value is Byte ||
              value is Int16 ||
              value is Int32 ||
              value is Int64 ||
              value is SByte ||
              value is UInt16 ||
              value is UInt32 ||
              value is UInt64 ||
              value is BigInteger ||
              value is Decimal ||
              value is Double ||
              value is Single);
   }
}

open System
open System.Numerics

module Utility =
    type NumericRelationship =
        | GreaterThan = 1 
        | EqualTo = 0
        | LessThan = -1
   
    let isInteger (value: ValueType) =
        match value with
        | :? sbyte | :? int16 | :? int32 | :? int64 
        | :? byte | :? uint16  | :? uint32 
        | :? uint64 | :? bigint -> true
        | _ -> false

    let isFloat (value: ValueType) = 
        match value with
        | :? float32 | :? float | :? decimal -> true
        | _ -> false

    let tryToBigInt (value: ValueType) =
        match value with
        | :? sbyte as v -> bigint v |> Some
        | :? int16 as v -> bigint v |> Some
        | :? int32 as v -> bigint v |> Some
        | :? int64 as v -> bigint v |> Some
        | :? byte as v -> bigint v |> Some
        | :? uint16 as v -> bigint v |> Some
        | :? uint32 as v -> bigint v |> Some
        | :? uint64 as v -> bigint v |> Some
        | :? float32 as v -> bigint v |> Some
        | _ -> None

    let isNumeric (value: ValueType) =
        isInteger value || isFloat value

    let compare (value1: ValueType) (value2: ValueType) =
        if isNumeric value1 |> not then
            invalidArg "value1" "value1 is not a number."
        elif isNumeric value2 |> not then
            invalidArg "value2" "value2 is not a number."

        // Use BigInteger as common integral type
        match tryToBigInt value1, tryToBigInt value2 with
        | Some bigint1, Some bigint2 ->
            BigInteger.Compare(bigint1, bigint2) |> enum<NumericRelationship>

        // At least one value is floating point use Double.
        | _ ->
            let dbl1 = 
                try
                    Convert.ToDouble value1
                with
                | :? OverflowException ->
                    printfn "value1 is outside the range of a Double."
                    0.
                | _ -> 0.

            let dbl2 = 
                try
                    Convert.ToDouble value2
                with
                | :? OverflowException ->
                    printfn "value2 is outside the range of a Double."
                    0.
                | _ -> 0.
                
            dbl1.CompareTo dbl2 |> enum<NumericRelationship>

Imports System.Numerics

Public Class Utility
   Public Enum NumericRelationship As Integer
      GreaterThan = 1
      EqualTo = 0
      LessThan = -1
   End Enum
      
   Public Shared Function Compare(value1 As ValueType, value2 As ValueType) _
                                  As NumericRelationship
      If Not IsNumeric(value1) Then 
         Throw New ArgumentException("value1 is not a number.")
      Else If Not IsNumeric(value2) Then
         Throw New ArgumentException("value2 is not a number.")
      Else
         ' Use BigInteger as common integral type
         If isInteger(value1) And IsInteger(value2) Then
            Dim bigint1 As BigInteger = CType(value1, BigInteger)
            Dim bigInt2 As BigInteger = CType(value2, BigInteger)
            Return CType(BigInteger.Compare(bigint1, bigint2), NumericRelationship)
         ' At least one value is floating point; use Double.
         Else   
            Dim dbl1, dbl2 As Double
            Try
               dbl1 = CDbl(value1)
            Catch e As OverflowException
               Console.WriteLine("value1 is outside the range of a Double.")
            End Try
               
            Try
               dbl2 = CDbl(value2)
            Catch e As OverflowException
               Console.WriteLine("value2 is outside the range of a Double.")
            End Try
            Return CType(dbl1.CompareTo(dbl2), NumericRelationship)
         End If
      End If
   End Function
   
   Public Shared Function IsInteger(value As ValueType) As Boolean         
      Return (TypeOf value Is SByte Or TypeOf value Is Int16 Or TypeOf value Is Int32 _
                 Or TypeOf value Is Int64 Or TypeOf value Is Byte Or TypeOf value Is UInt16 _ 
                 Or TypeOf value Is UInt32 Or TypeOf value Is UInt64 _
                 Or TypeOf value Is BigInteger) 
   End Function

   Public Shared Function IsFloat(value As ValueType) As Boolean         
      Return (TypeOf value Is Single Or TypeOf value Is Double Or TypeOf value Is Decimal)
   End Function

   Public Shared Function IsNumeric(value As ValueType) As Boolean
      Return TypeOf value Is Byte OrElse
         TypeOf value Is Int16 OrElse
         TypeOf value Is Int32 OrElse
         TypeOf value Is Int64 OrElse
         TypeOf value Is SByte OrElse
         TypeOf value Is UInt16 OrElse
         TypeOf value Is UInt32 OrElse
         TypeOf value Is UInt64 OrElse
         TypeOf value Is BigInteger OrElse
         TypeOf value Is Decimal OrElse
         TypeOf value Is Double OrElse
         TypeOf value Is Single
   End Function
End Class

En el ejemplo siguiente se muestran las llamadas a los métodos de la clase Utility.

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      Console.WriteLine(Utility.IsNumeric(12));
      Console.WriteLine(Utility.IsNumeric(true));
      Console.WriteLine(Utility.IsNumeric('c'));
      Console.WriteLine(Utility.IsNumeric(new DateTime(2012, 1, 1)));
      Console.WriteLine(Utility.IsInteger(12.2));
      Console.WriteLine(Utility.IsInteger(123456789));
      Console.WriteLine(Utility.IsFloat(true));
      Console.WriteLine(Utility.IsFloat(12.2));
      Console.WriteLine(Utility.IsFloat(12));
      Console.WriteLine("{0} {1} {2}", 12.1, Utility.Compare(12.1, 12), 12);
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       True
//       False
//       False
//       False
//       False
//       True
//       False
//       True
//       False
//       12.1 GreaterThan 12

printfn $"{Utility.isNumeric 12}"
printfn $"{Utility.isNumeric true}"
printfn $"{Utility.isNumeric 'c'}"
printfn $"{Utility.isNumeric (DateTime(2012, 1, 1))}"
printfn $"{Utility.isInteger 12.2}"
printfn $"{Utility.isInteger 123456789}"
printfn $"{Utility.isFloat true}"
printfn $"{Utility.isFloat 12.2}"
printfn $"{Utility.isFloat 12}"
printfn $"{12.1} {Utility.compare 12.1 12} {12}"
// The example displays the following output:
//       True
//       False
//       False
//       False
//       False
//       True
//       False
//       True
//       False
//       12.1 GreaterThan 12

Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      Console.WriteLine(Utility.IsNumeric(12))
      Console.WriteLine(Utility.IsNumeric(True))
      Console.WriteLine(Utility.IsNumeric("c"c))
      Console.WriteLine(Utility.IsNumeric(#01/01/2012#))
      Console.WriteLine(Utility.IsInteger(12.2))
      Console.WriteLine(Utility.IsInteger(123456789))
      Console.WriteLine(Utility.IsFloat(True))
      Console.WriteLine(Utility.IsFloat(12.2))
      Console.WriteLine(Utility.IsFloat(12))
      Console.WriteLine("{0} {1} {2}", 12.1, Utility.Compare(12.1, 12), 12)
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       True
'       False
'       False
'       False
'       False
'       True
'       False
'       True
'       False
'       12.1 GreaterThan 12

Constructores

Métodos

Se aplica a

Consulte también

• Object
• Enum