Comparer<T> Classe

Définition

generic <typename T>
public ref class Comparer abstract : System::Collections::Generic::IComparer<T>, System::Collections::IComparer

public abstract class Comparer<T> : System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<T>, System.Collections.IComparer

[System.Serializable]
public abstract class Comparer<T> : System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<T>, System.Collections.IComparer

type Comparer<'T> = class
    interface IComparer<'T>
    interface IComparer

[<System.Serializable>]
type Comparer<'T> = class
    interface IComparer
    interface IComparer<'T>

Public MustInherit Class Comparer(Of T)
Implements IComparer, IComparer(Of T)

Paramètres de type

Héritage

Object

Comparer<T>

Attributs

SerializableAttribute

Implémente

IComparer<T> IComparer

Exemples

L’exemple suivant dérive une classe, BoxLengthFirst, de la Comparer<T> classe . Ce comparateur compare deux objets de type Box. Il les trie d’abord par longueur, puis par hauteur, puis par largeur. La Box classe implémente l’interface IComparable<T> pour contrôler la comparaison par défaut entre deux Box objets. Cette implémentation par défaut trie d’abord par hauteur, puis par longueur, puis par largeur. L’exemple montre les différences entre les deux comparaisons en triant d’abord une liste d’objets à l’aide du BoxBoxLengthFirst comparateur, puis à l’aide du comparateur par défaut.

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        List<Box> Boxes = new List<Box>();
        Boxes.Add(new Box(4, 20, 14));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(12, 12, 12));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(8, 20, 10));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(6, 10, 2));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(2, 8, 4));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(2, 6, 8));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(4, 12, 20));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(18, 10, 4));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(24, 4, 18));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(10, 4, 16));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(10, 2, 10));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(6, 18, 2));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(8, 12, 4));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(12, 10, 8));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(14, 6, 6));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(16, 6, 16));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(2, 8, 12));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(4, 24, 8));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(8, 6, 20));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(18, 18, 12));

        // Sort by an Comparer<T> implementation that sorts
        // first by the length.
        Boxes.Sort(new BoxLengthFirst());

        Console.WriteLine("H - L - W");
        Console.WriteLine("==========");
        foreach (Box bx in Boxes)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}\t{1}\t{2}",
                bx.Height.ToString(), bx.Length.ToString(),
                bx.Width.ToString());
        }

        Console.WriteLine();
        Console.WriteLine("H - L - W");
        Console.WriteLine("==========");

        // Get the default comparer that
        // sorts first by the height.
        Comparer<Box> defComp = Comparer<Box>.Default;

        // Calling Boxes.Sort() with no parameter
        // is the same as calling Boxs.Sort(defComp)
        // because they are both using the default comparer.
        Boxes.Sort();

        foreach (Box bx in Boxes)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}\t{1}\t{2}",
                bx.Height.ToString(), bx.Length.ToString(),
                bx.Width.ToString());
        }


        // This explicit interface implementation
        // compares first by the length.
        // Returns -1 because the length of BoxA
        // is less than the length of BoxB.
        BoxLengthFirst LengthFirst = new BoxLengthFirst();

        Comparer<Box> bc = (Comparer<Box>) LengthFirst;

        Box BoxA = new Box(2, 6, 8);
        Box BoxB = new Box(10, 12, 14);
        int x = LengthFirst.Compare(BoxA, BoxB);
        Console.WriteLine();
        Console.WriteLine(x.ToString());
    }
}

public class BoxLengthFirst : Comparer<Box>
{
    // Compares by Length, Height, and Width.
    public override int Compare(Box x, Box y)
    {
        if (x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length) != 0)
        {
            return x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length);
        }
        else if (x.Height.CompareTo(y.Height) != 0)
        {
            return x.Height.CompareTo(y.Height);
        }
        else if (x.Width.CompareTo(y.Width) != 0)
        {
            return x.Width.CompareTo(y.Width);
        }
        else
        {
            return 0;
        }
    }
}

// This class is not demonstrated in the Main method
// and is provided only to show how to implement
// the interface. It is recommended to derive
// from Comparer<T> instead of implementing IComparer<T>.
public class BoxComp : IComparer<Box>
{
    // Compares by Height, Length, and Width.
    public int Compare(Box x, Box y)
    {
        if (x.Height.CompareTo(y.Height) != 0)
        {
            return x.Height.CompareTo(y.Height);
        }
        else if (x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length) != 0)
        {
            return x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length);
        }
        else if (x.Width.CompareTo(y.Width) != 0)
        {
            return x.Width.CompareTo(y.Width);
        }
        else
        {
            return 0;
        }
    }
}

public class Box : IComparable<Box>
{

    public Box(int h, int l, int w)
    {
        this.Height = h;
        this.Length = l;
        this.Width = w;
    }
    public int Height { get; private set; }
    public int Length { get; private set; }
    public int Width { get; private set; }

    public int CompareTo(Box other)
    {
        // Compares Height, Length, and Width.
        if (this.Height.CompareTo(other.Height) != 0)
        {
            return this.Height.CompareTo(other.Height);
        }
        else if (this.Length.CompareTo(other.Length) != 0)
        {
            return this.Length.CompareTo(other.Length);
        }
        else if (this.Width.CompareTo(other.Width) != 0)
        {
            return this.Width.CompareTo(other.Width);
        }
        else
        {
            return 0;
        }
    }
}

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Friend Class Program
    Shared Sub Main(ByVal args() As String)
        Dim Boxes As New List(Of Box)()
        Boxes.Add(New Box(4, 20, 14))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(12, 12, 12))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(8, 20, 10))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(6, 10, 2))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(2, 8, 4))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(2, 6, 8))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(4, 12, 20))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(18, 10, 4))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(24, 4, 18))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(10, 4, 16))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(10, 2, 10))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(6, 18, 2))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(8, 12, 4))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(12, 10, 8))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(14, 6, 6))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(16, 6, 16))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(2, 8, 12))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(4, 24, 8))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(8, 6, 20))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(18, 18, 12))

        ' Sort by an Comparer<T> implementation that sorts
        ' first by the length.
        Boxes.Sort(New BoxLengthFirst())

        Console.WriteLine("H - L - W")
        Console.WriteLine("==========")
        For Each bx As Box In Boxes
            Console.WriteLine("{0}" & vbTab & "{1}" & vbTab & "{2}", _
                              bx.Height.ToString(), bx.Length.ToString(), _
                              bx.Width.ToString())
        Next bx

        Console.WriteLine()
        Console.WriteLine("H - L - W")
        Console.WriteLine("==========")

        ' Get the default comparer that 
        ' sorts first by the height.
        Dim defComp As Comparer(Of Box) = Comparer(Of Box).Default

        ' Calling Boxes.Sort() with no parameter
        ' is the same as calling Boxs.Sort(defComp)
        ' because they are both using the default comparer.
        Boxes.Sort()

        For Each bx As Box In Boxes
            Console.WriteLine("{0}" & vbTab & "{1}" & vbTab & "{2}", _
                              bx.Height.ToString(), _
                              bx.Length.ToString(), _
                              bx.Width.ToString())
        Next bx


        ' This explicit interface implementation
        ' compares first by the length.
        ' Returns -1 because the length of BoxA
        ' is less than the length of BoxB.
        Dim LengthFirst As New BoxLengthFirst()

        Dim bc As Comparer(Of Box) = CType(LengthFirst, Comparer(Of Box))

        Dim BoxA As New Box(2, 6, 8)
        Dim BoxB As New Box(10, 12, 14)
        Dim x As Integer = LengthFirst.Compare(BoxA, BoxB)
        Console.WriteLine()
        Console.WriteLine(x.ToString())



    End Sub

End Class

Public Class BoxLengthFirst
    Inherits Comparer(Of Box)
    ' Compares by Length, Height, and Width.
    Public Overrides Function Compare(ByVal x As Box, ByVal y As Box) As Integer
        If x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length) <> 0 Then
            Return x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length)
        ElseIf x.Height.CompareTo(y.Height) <> 0 Then
            Return x.Height.CompareTo(y.Height)
        ElseIf x.Width.CompareTo(y.Width) <> 0 Then
            Return x.Width.CompareTo(y.Width)
        Else
            Return 0
        End If
    End Function

End Class

' This class is not demonstrated in the Main method
' and is provided only to show how to implement
' the interface. It is recommended to derive
' from Comparer<T> instead of implementing IComparer<T>.
Public Class BoxComp
    Implements IComparer(Of Box)
    ' Compares by Height, Length, and Width.
    Public Function Compare(ByVal x As Box, ByVal y As Box) As Integer Implements _
                                                IComparer(Of Box).Compare
        If x.Height.CompareTo(y.Height) <> 0 Then
            Return x.Height.CompareTo(y.Height)
        ElseIf x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length) <> 0 Then
            Return x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length)
        ElseIf x.Width.CompareTo(y.Width) <> 0 Then
            Return x.Width.CompareTo(y.Width)
        Else
            Return 0
        End If
    End Function
End Class

Public Class Box
    Implements IComparable(Of Box)

    Public Sub New(ByVal h As Integer, ByVal l As Integer, ByVal w As Integer)
        Me.Height = h
        Me.Length = l
        Me.Width = w
    End Sub
    Private privateHeight As Integer
    Public Property Height() As Integer
        Get
            Return privateHeight
        End Get
        Private Set(ByVal value As Integer)
            privateHeight = value
        End Set
    End Property
    Private privateLength As Integer
    Public Property Length() As Integer
        Get
            Return privateLength
        End Get
        Private Set(ByVal value As Integer)
            privateLength = value
        End Set
    End Property
    Private privateWidth As Integer
    Public Property Width() As Integer
        Get
            Return privateWidth
        End Get
        Private Set(ByVal value As Integer)
            privateWidth = value
        End Set
    End Property

    Public Function CompareTo(ByVal other As Box) As Integer _
                        Implements IComparable(Of Box).CompareTo
        ' Compares Height, Length, and Width.
        If Me.Height.CompareTo(other.Height) <> 0 Then
            Return Me.Height.CompareTo(other.Height)
        ElseIf Me.Length.CompareTo(other.Length) <> 0 Then
            Return Me.Length.CompareTo(other.Length)
        ElseIf Me.Width.CompareTo(other.Width) <> 0 Then
            Return Me.Width.CompareTo(other.Width)
        Else
            Return 0
        End If
    End Function

End Class

Remarques

Dérivez de cette classe pour fournir une implémentation personnalisée de l’interface IComparer<T> à utiliser avec des classes de collection telles que les SortedList<TKey,TValue> classes génériques et SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> .

La différence entre le dérivation de la classe et l’implémentation Comparer<T> de l’interface System.IComparable est la suivante :

• Pour spécifier la façon dont deux objets doivent être comparés par défaut, implémentez l’interface System.IComparable dans votre classe. Cela garantit que les opérations de tri utilisent le code de comparaison par défaut que vous avez fourni.

• Pour définir un comparateur à utiliser au lieu du comparateur par défaut, dérivez de la Comparer<T> classe . Vous pouvez ensuite utiliser ce comparateur dans les opérations de tri qui prennent un comparateur en tant que paramètre.

L’objet retourné par la Default propriété utilise l’interface System.IComparable<T> générique (IComparable<T> en C#, IComparable(Of T) en Visual Basic) pour comparer deux objets. Si le type T n’implémente pas l’interface System.IComparable<T> générique, la Default propriété retourne un Comparer<T> qui utilise l’interface System.IComparable .

Notes pour les responsables de l’implémentation

Compare(T, T) et Equals(T, T) peuvent se comporter différemment en termes de respect de la culture et de respect de la casse.

Pour les comparaisons de chaînes, la StringComparer classe est recommandée sur Comparer<String>. Les propriétés de la StringComparer classe retournent des instances prédéfinies qui effectuent des comparaisons de chaînes avec différentes combinaisons de respect de la culture et de respect de la casse. Le respect de la casse et le respect de la culture sont cohérents entre les membres d’un même StringComparer instance.

Pour plus d’informations sur les comparaisons spécifiques à la culture, consultez l’espace System.Globalization de noms et Globalisation et Localisation.

Constructeurs

Propriétés

Méthodes

Implémentations d’interfaces explicites

S’applique à

Voir aussi

• IComparer<T>
• IComparable<T>
• StringComparer
• CultureInfo