CryptoStream Classe

Définition

public ref class CryptoStream : System::IO::Stream

public class CryptoStream : System.IO.Stream

[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)]
public class CryptoStream : System.IO.Stream

type CryptoStream = class
    inherit Stream
    interface IDisposable

[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)>]
type CryptoStream = class
    inherit Stream
    interface IDisposable

Public Class CryptoStream
Inherits Stream

Héritage

Object

Stream

CryptoStream

Héritage

Object

MarshalByRefObject

Stream

CryptoStream

Attributs

ComVisibleAttribute

Implémente

IDisposable

Exemples

L’exemple suivant montre comment utiliser un CryptoStream pour chiffrer une chaîne. Cette méthode utilise la classe Aes avec le vecteur de Key et d’initialisation spécifiés (IV).

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Security.Cryptography;

class AesExample
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        try
        {
            string original = "Here is some data to encrypt!";

            // Create a new instance of the Aes class.
            // This generates a new key and initialization vector (IV).
            using (Aes myAes = Aes.Create())
            {
                // Encrypt the string to an array of bytes.
                byte[] encrypted = EncryptStringToBytes(original, myAes.Key, myAes.IV);

                // Decrypt the bytes to a string.
                string roundtrip = DecryptStringFromBytes(encrypted, myAes.Key, myAes.IV);

                // Display the original data and the decrypted data.
                Console.WriteLine("Original:   {0}", original);
                Console.WriteLine("Round trip: {0}", roundtrip);
            }
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Error: {0}", e.Message);
        }
    }

    static byte[] EncryptStringToBytes(string plainText, byte[] Key, byte[] IV)
    {
        // Check arguments.
        if (plainText == null || plainText.Length <= 0)
            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(plainText));
        if (Key == null || Key.Length <= 0)
            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(Key));
        if (IV == null || IV.Length <= 0)
            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(IV));
        byte[] encrypted;

        // Create a Aes object with the specified key and IV.
        using (Aes aesAlg = Aes.Create())
        {
            aesAlg.Key = Key;
            aesAlg.IV = IV;

            // Create an encryptor to perform the stream transform.
            ICryptoTransform encryptor = aesAlg.CreateEncryptor(aesAlg.Key, aesAlg.IV);

            // Create the streams used for encryption.
            using (MemoryStream msEncrypt = new())
            {
                using (CryptoStream csEncrypt = new(msEncrypt, encryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Write))
                {
                    using (StreamWriter swEncrypt = new(csEncrypt))
                    {
                        // Write all data to the stream.
                        swEncrypt.Write(plainText);
                    }
                    encrypted = msEncrypt.ToArray();
                }
            }
        }

        // Return the encrypted bytes from the memory stream.
        return encrypted;
    }

    static string DecryptStringFromBytes(byte[] cipherText, byte[] Key, byte[] IV)
    {
        // Check arguments.
        if (cipherText == null || cipherText.Length <= 0)
            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(cipherText));
        if (Key == null || Key.Length <= 0)
            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(Key));
        if (IV == null || IV.Length <= 0)
            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(IV));

        // Declare the string used to hold the decrypted text.
        string plaintext = null;

        // Create a Aes object with the specified key and IV.
        using (Aes aesAlg = Aes.Create())
        {
            aesAlg.Key = Key;
            aesAlg.IV = IV;

            // Create a decryptor to perform the stream transform.
            ICryptoTransform decryptor = aesAlg.CreateDecryptor(aesAlg.Key, aesAlg.IV);

            // Create the streams used for decryption.
            using (MemoryStream msDecrypt = new(cipherText))
            {
                using (CryptoStream csDecrypt = new(msDecrypt, decryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Read))
                {
                    using (StreamReader srDecrypt = new(csDecrypt))
                    {

                        // Read the decrypted bytes from the decrypting stream
                        // and place them in a string.
                        plaintext = srDecrypt.ReadToEnd();
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        return plaintext;
    }
}

Imports System.IO
Imports System.Security.Cryptography

Class AesExample

    Public Shared Sub Main()
        Try
            Dim original As String = "Here is some data to encrypt!"

            ' Create a new instance of the Aes class.
            ' This generates a new key and initialization vector (IV).
            Using myAes = Aes.Create()

                ' Encrypt the string to an array of bytes.
                Dim encrypted As Byte() = EncryptStringToBytes(original, myAes.Key, myAes.IV)

                ' Decrypt the bytes to a string.
                Dim roundtrip As String = DecryptStringFromBytes(encrypted, myAes.Key, myAes.IV)

                'Display the original data and the decrypted data.
                Console.WriteLine("Original:   {0}", original)
                Console.WriteLine("Round Trip: {0}", roundtrip)
            End Using
        Catch e As Exception
            Console.WriteLine("Error: {0}", e.Message)
        End Try
    End Sub

    Shared Function EncryptStringToBytes(ByVal plainText As String, ByVal Key() As Byte, ByVal IV() As Byte) As Byte()
        ' Check arguments.
        If plainText Is Nothing OrElse plainText.Length <= 0 Then
            Throw New ArgumentNullException(NameOf(plainText))
        End If
        If Key Is Nothing OrElse Key.Length <= 0 Then
            Throw New ArgumentNullException(NameOf(Key))
        End If
        If IV Is Nothing OrElse IV.Length <= 0 Then
            Throw New ArgumentNullException(NameOf(IV))
        End If
        Dim encrypted() As Byte

        ' Create an Aes object with the specified key and IV.
        Using aesAlg = Aes.Create()

            aesAlg.Key = Key
            aesAlg.IV = IV

            ' Create an encryptor to perform the stream transform.
            Dim encryptor As ICryptoTransform = aesAlg.CreateEncryptor(aesAlg.Key, aesAlg.IV)
            ' Create the streams used for encryption.
            Using msEncrypt As New MemoryStream()
                Using csEncrypt As New CryptoStream(msEncrypt, encryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Write)
                    Using swEncrypt As New StreamWriter(csEncrypt)

                        ' Write all data to the stream.
                        swEncrypt.Write(plainText)
                    End Using
                    encrypted = msEncrypt.ToArray()
                End Using
            End Using
        End Using

        ' Return the encrypted bytes from the memory stream.
        Return encrypted

    End Function 'EncryptStringToBytes

    Shared Function DecryptStringFromBytes(
        ByVal cipherText() As Byte,
        ByVal Key() As Byte,
        ByVal IV() As Byte) As String
        ' Check arguments.
        If cipherText Is Nothing OrElse cipherText.Length <= 0 Then
            Throw New ArgumentNullException(NameOf(cipherText))
        End If
        If Key Is Nothing OrElse Key.Length <= 0 Then
            Throw New ArgumentNullException(NameOf(Key))
        End If
        If IV Is Nothing OrElse IV.Length <= 0 Then
            Throw New ArgumentNullException(NameOf(IV))
        End If

        ' Declare the string used to hold the decrypted text.
        Dim plaintext As String = Nothing

        ' Create an Aes object with the specified key and IV.
        Using aesAlg = Aes.Create()
            aesAlg.Key = Key
            aesAlg.IV = IV

            ' Create a decryptor to perform the stream transform.
            Dim decryptor As ICryptoTransform = aesAlg.CreateDecryptor(aesAlg.Key, aesAlg.IV)

            ' Create the streams used for decryption.
            Using msDecrypt As New MemoryStream(cipherText)
                Using csDecrypt As New CryptoStream(msDecrypt, decryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Read)
                    Using srDecrypt As New StreamReader(csDecrypt)
                        ' Read the decrypted bytes from the decrypting stream
                        ' and place them in a string.
                        plaintext = srDecrypt.ReadToEnd()
                    End Using
                End Using
            End Using
        End Using

        Return plaintext

    End Function 'DecryptStringFromBytes 
End Class

Remarques

Le Common Language Runtime utilise une conception orientée flux pour le chiffrement. Le cœur de cette conception est CryptoStream. Tous les objets de chiffrement qui implémentent CryptoStream peuvent être chaînés avec tous les objets qui implémentent Stream, de sorte que la sortie diffusée d’un objet peut être transmise à l’entrée d’un autre objet. Le résultat intermédiaire (la sortie du premier objet) n’a pas besoin d’être stocké séparément.

Vous devez toujours fermer explicitement votre objet CryptoStream une fois que vous avez terminé de l’utiliser en appelant la méthode Clear. Cela vide le flux sous-jacent et provoque le traitement de tous les blocs de données restants par l’objet CryptoStream. Toutefois, si une exception se produit avant d’appeler la méthode Close, l’objet CryptoStream peut ne pas être fermé. Pour vous assurer que la méthode Close est toujours appelée, placez votre appel à la méthode Clear dans le bloc finally d’une instruction try/catch.

Ce type implémente l’interface IDisposable. Lorsque vous avez fini d’utiliser le type, vous devez le supprimer directement ou indirectement en appelant sa méthode Clear, qui appelle à son tour son implémentation IDisposable. Pour supprimer le type directement, appelez sa méthode Clear dans un bloc try/catch. Pour le supprimer indirectement, utilisez une construction de langage telle que using (en C#) ou Using (en Visual Basic).

Constructeurs

Propriétés

Méthodes

Implémentations d’interfaces explicites

Méthodes d’extension

S’applique à

Voir aussi

• des services de chiffrement
• lectures partielles et zéro octets dans DeflateStream, GZipStream et CryptoStream