AppDomain Classe

Definizione

public ref class AppDomain sealed : MarshalByRefObject

public ref class AppDomain : MarshalByRefObject

public ref class AppDomain sealed : MarshalByRefObject, _AppDomain, System::Security::IEvidenceFactory

public sealed class AppDomain : MarshalByRefObject

public class AppDomain : MarshalByRefObject

[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterface(System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterfaceType.None)]
public sealed class AppDomain : MarshalByRefObject, _AppDomain, System.Security.IEvidenceFactory

[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterface(System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterfaceType.None)]
[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)]
public sealed class AppDomain : MarshalByRefObject, _AppDomain, System.Security.IEvidenceFactory

[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterface(System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterfaceType.None)]
[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)]
public sealed class AppDomain : MarshalByRefObject

type AppDomain = class
    inherit MarshalByRefObject

[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterface(System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterfaceType.None)>]
type AppDomain = class
    inherit MarshalByRefObject
    interface _AppDomain
    interface IEvidenceFactory

[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterface(System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterfaceType.None)>]
[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)>]
type AppDomain = class
    inherit MarshalByRefObject
    interface _AppDomain
    interface IEvidenceFactory

[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterface(System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterfaceType.None)>]
[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)>]
type AppDomain = class
    inherit MarshalByRefObject

Public NotInheritable Class AppDomain
Inherits MarshalByRefObject

Public Class AppDomain
Inherits MarshalByRefObject

Public NotInheritable Class AppDomain
Inherits MarshalByRefObject
Implements _AppDomain, IEvidenceFactory

Ereditarietà

Object

MarshalByRefObject

AppDomain

Attributi

ClassInterfaceAttribute ComVisibleAttribute

Implementazioni

_AppDomain IEvidenceFactory

Esempio

In questo esempio viene illustrato come creare una nuova istanza di un tipo in tale nuovo AppDomainAppDomainoggetto e comunicare con l'oggetto del tipo. In questo esempio viene inoltre illustrato come scaricare l'oggetto che causa la garbage collection dell'oggetto AppDomain .

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Reflection;
using namespace System::Threading;
using namespace System::Security::Policy;

// Because this class is derived from MarshalByRefObject, a proxy 
// to a MarshalByRefType object can be returned across an AppDomain 
// boundary.
ref class MarshalByRefType : MarshalByRefObject
{
public:
    //  Call this method via a proxy.
    void SomeMethod(String^ callingDomainName)
    {
        // Get this AppDomain's settings and display some of them.
        AppDomainSetup^ ads = AppDomain::CurrentDomain->SetupInformation;
        Console::WriteLine("AppName={0}, AppBase={1}, ConfigFile={2}", 
            ads->ApplicationName, 
            ads->ApplicationBase, 
            ads->ConfigurationFile
        );

        // Display the name of the calling AppDomain and the name 
        // of the second domain.
        // NOTE: The application's thread has transitioned between 
        // AppDomains.
        Console::WriteLine("Calling from '{0}' to '{1}'.", 
            callingDomainName, 
            Thread::GetDomain()->FriendlyName
        );
    };
};

void main()
{
    // Get and display the friendly name of the default AppDomain.
    String^ callingDomainName = Thread::GetDomain()->FriendlyName;
    Console::WriteLine(callingDomainName);

    // Get and display the full name of the EXE assembly.
    String^ exeAssembly = Assembly::GetEntryAssembly()->FullName;
    Console::WriteLine(exeAssembly);

    // Construct and initialize settings for a second AppDomain.
    AppDomainSetup^ ads = gcnew AppDomainSetup();
    ads->ApplicationBase = AppDomain::CurrentDomain->BaseDirectory;

    ads->DisallowBindingRedirects = false;
    ads->DisallowCodeDownload = true;
    ads->ConfigurationFile = 
        AppDomain::CurrentDomain->SetupInformation->ConfigurationFile;

    // Create the second AppDomain.
    AppDomain^ ad2 = AppDomain::CreateDomain("AD #2", 
        AppDomain::CurrentDomain->Evidence, ads);

    // Create an instance of MarshalbyRefType in the second AppDomain. 
    // A proxy to the object is returned.
    MarshalByRefType^ mbrt = 
        (MarshalByRefType^) ad2->CreateInstanceAndUnwrap(
            exeAssembly, 
            MarshalByRefType::typeid->FullName
        );

    // Call a method on the object via the proxy, passing the 
    // default AppDomain's friendly name in as a parameter.
    mbrt->SomeMethod(callingDomainName);

    // Unload the second AppDomain. This deletes its object and 
    // invalidates the proxy object.
    AppDomain::Unload(ad2);
    try
    {
        // Call the method again. Note that this time it fails 
        // because the second AppDomain was unloaded.
        mbrt->SomeMethod(callingDomainName);
        Console::WriteLine("Sucessful call.");
    }
    catch(AppDomainUnloadedException^)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("Failed call; this is expected.");
    }
}

/* This code produces output similar to the following: 

AppDomainX.exe
AppDomainX, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null
AppName=, AppBase=C:\AppDomain\bin, ConfigFile=C:\AppDomain\bin\AppDomainX.exe.config
Calling from 'AppDomainX.exe' to 'AD #2'.
Failed call; this is expected.
 */

using System;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Threading;

class Module1
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Get and display the friendly name of the default AppDomain.
        string callingDomainName = Thread.GetDomain().FriendlyName;
        Console.WriteLine(callingDomainName);

        // Get and display the full name of the EXE assembly.
        string exeAssembly = Assembly.GetEntryAssembly().FullName;
        Console.WriteLine(exeAssembly);

        // Construct and initialize settings for a second AppDomain.
        AppDomainSetup ads = new AppDomainSetup();
        ads.ApplicationBase = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;

        ads.DisallowBindingRedirects = false;
        ads.DisallowCodeDownload = true;
        ads.ConfigurationFile =
            AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation.ConfigurationFile;

        // Create the second AppDomain.
        AppDomain ad2 = AppDomain.CreateDomain("AD #2", null, ads);

        // Create an instance of MarshalbyRefType in the second AppDomain.
        // A proxy to the object is returned.
        MarshalByRefType mbrt =
            (MarshalByRefType) ad2.CreateInstanceAndUnwrap(
                exeAssembly,
                typeof(MarshalByRefType).FullName
            );

        // Call a method on the object via the proxy, passing the
        // default AppDomain's friendly name in as a parameter.
        mbrt.SomeMethod(callingDomainName);

        // Unload the second AppDomain. This deletes its object and
        // invalidates the proxy object.
        AppDomain.Unload(ad2);
        try
        {
            // Call the method again. Note that this time it fails
            // because the second AppDomain was unloaded.
            mbrt.SomeMethod(callingDomainName);
            Console.WriteLine("Sucessful call.");
        }
        catch(AppDomainUnloadedException)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Failed call; this is expected.");
        }
    }
}

// Because this class is derived from MarshalByRefObject, a proxy
// to a MarshalByRefType object can be returned across an AppDomain
// boundary.
public class MarshalByRefType : MarshalByRefObject
{
    //  Call this method via a proxy.
    public void SomeMethod(string callingDomainName)
    {
        // Get this AppDomain's settings and display some of them.
        AppDomainSetup ads = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation;
        Console.WriteLine("AppName={0}, AppBase={1}, ConfigFile={2}",
            ads.ApplicationName,
            ads.ApplicationBase,
            ads.ConfigurationFile
        );

        // Display the name of the calling AppDomain and the name
        // of the second domain.
        // NOTE: The application's thread has transitioned between
        // AppDomains.
        Console.WriteLine("Calling from '{0}' to '{1}'.",
            callingDomainName,
            Thread.GetDomain().FriendlyName
        );
    }
}

/* This code produces output similar to the following:

AppDomainX.exe
AppDomainX, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null
AppName=, AppBase=C:\AppDomain\bin, ConfigFile=C:\AppDomain\bin\AppDomainX.exe.config
Calling from 'AppDomainX.exe' to 'AD #2'.
Failed call; this is expected.
 */

open System
open System.Reflection
open System.Threading

// Because this class is derived from MarshalByRefObject, a proxy
// to a MarshalByRefType object can be returned across an AppDomain
// boundary.
type MarshalByRefType() =
    inherit MarshalByRefObject()
    
    //  Call this method via a proxy.
    member _.SomeMethod(callingDomainName) =
        // Get this AppDomain's settings and display some of them.
        let ads = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation
        printfn $"AppName={ads.ApplicationName}, AppBase={ads.ApplicationBase}, ConfigFile={ads.ConfigurationFile}"

        // Display the name of the calling AppDomain and the name
        // of the second domain.
        // NOTE: The application's thread has transitioned between
        // AppDomains.
        printfn $"Calling from '{callingDomainName}' to '{Thread.GetDomain().FriendlyName}'."

// Get and display the friendly name of the default AppDomain.
let callingDomainName = Thread.GetDomain().FriendlyName
printfn $"{callingDomainName}"

// Get and display the full name of the EXE assembly.
let exeAssembly = Assembly.GetEntryAssembly().FullName
printfn $"{exeAssembly}"

// Construct and initialize settings for a second AppDomain.
let ads = AppDomainSetup()
ads.ApplicationBase <- AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory

ads.DisallowBindingRedirects <- false
ads.DisallowCodeDownload <- true
ads.ConfigurationFile <-
    AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation.ConfigurationFile

// Create the second AppDomain.
let ad2 = AppDomain.CreateDomain("AD #2", null, ads)

// Create an instance of MarshalbyRefType in the second AppDomain.
// A proxy to the object is returned.
let mbrt =
    ad2.CreateInstanceAndUnwrap(
        exeAssembly,
        typeof<MarshalByRefType>.FullName) :?> MarshalByRefType

// Call a method on the object via the proxy, passing the
// default AppDomain's friendly name in as a parameter.
mbrt.SomeMethod callingDomainName

// Unload the second AppDomain. This deletes its object and
// invalidates the proxy object.
AppDomain.Unload ad2
try
    // Call the method again. Note that this time it fails
    // because the second AppDomain was unloaded.
    mbrt.SomeMethod callingDomainName
    printfn "Sucessful call."
with :? AppDomainUnloadedException ->
    printfn "Failed call this is expected."

(* This code produces output similar to the following:

AppDomainX.exe
AppDomainX, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null
AppName=, AppBase=C:\AppDomain\bin, ConfigFile=C:\AppDomain\bin\AppDomainX.exe.config
Calling from 'AppDomainX.exe' to 'AD #2'.
Failed call this is expected.
 *)

Imports System.Reflection
Imports System.Threading

Module Module1
    Sub Main()

        ' Get and display the friendly name of the default AppDomain.
        Dim callingDomainName As String = Thread.GetDomain().FriendlyName
        Console.WriteLine(callingDomainName)

        ' Get and display the full name of the EXE assembly.
        Dim exeAssembly As String = [Assembly].GetEntryAssembly().FullName
        Console.WriteLine(exeAssembly)

        ' Construct and initialize settings for a second AppDomain.
        Dim ads As New AppDomainSetup()
        ads.ApplicationBase = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory
        ads.DisallowBindingRedirects = False
        ads.DisallowCodeDownload = True
        ads.ConfigurationFile = _
            AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation.ConfigurationFile

        ' Create the second AppDomain.
        Dim ad2 As AppDomain = AppDomain.CreateDomain("AD #2", Nothing, ads)

        ' Create an instance of MarshalbyRefType in the second AppDomain. 
        ' A proxy to the object is returned.
        Dim mbrt As MarshalByRefType = CType( _
            ad2.CreateInstanceAndUnwrap(exeAssembly, _
                 GetType(MarshalByRefType).FullName), MarshalByRefType)

        ' Call a method on the object via the proxy, passing the default 
        ' AppDomain's friendly name in as a parameter.
        mbrt.SomeMethod(callingDomainName)

        ' Unload the second AppDomain. This deletes its object and 
        ' invalidates the proxy object.
        AppDomain.Unload(ad2)
        Try
            ' Call the method again. Note that this time it fails because 
            ' the second AppDomain was unloaded.
            mbrt.SomeMethod(callingDomainName)
            Console.WriteLine("Sucessful call.")
        Catch e As AppDomainUnloadedException
            Console.WriteLine("Failed call; this is expected.")
        End Try

    End Sub
End Module

' Because this class is derived from MarshalByRefObject, a proxy 
' to a MarshalByRefType object can be returned across an AppDomain 
' boundary.
Public Class MarshalByRefType
    Inherits MarshalByRefObject

    '  Call this method via a proxy.
    Public Sub SomeMethod(ByVal callingDomainName As String)

        ' Get this AppDomain's settings and display some of them.
        Dim ads As AppDomainSetup = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation
        Console.WriteLine("AppName={0}, AppBase={1}, ConfigFile={2}", _
            ads.ApplicationName, ads.ApplicationBase, ads.ConfigurationFile)

        ' Display the name of the calling AppDomain and the name 
        ' of the second domain.
        ' NOTE: The application's thread has transitioned between 
        ' AppDomains.
        Console.WriteLine("Calling from '{0}' to '{1}'.", _
            callingDomainName, Thread.GetDomain().FriendlyName)
    End Sub
End Class

'This code produces output similar to the following:
' 
' AppDomainX.exe
' AppDomainX, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null
' AppName=, AppBase=C:\AppDomain\bin, ConfigFile=C:\AppDomain\bin\AppDomainX.exe.config
' Calling from 'AppDomainX.exe' to 'AD #2'.
' Failed call; this is expected.

Commenti

I domini dell'applicazione, rappresentati da AppDomain oggetti, consentono di fornire isolamento, scaricamento e limiti di sicurezza per l'esecuzione di codice gestito.

• Usare i domini dell'applicazione per isolare le attività che potrebbero ridurre un processo. Se lo stato dell'esecuzione di AppDomain un'attività diventa instabile, l'oggetto AppDomain può essere scaricato senza influire sul processo. Questo è importante quando un processo deve essere eseguito per periodi lunghi senza riavviare. È anche possibile usare i domini dell'applicazione per isolare le attività che non devono condividere i dati.

• Se un assembly viene caricato nel dominio dell'applicazione predefinito, non può essere scaricato dalla memoria durante l'esecuzione del processo. Tuttavia, se si apre un secondo dominio applicazione per caricare ed eseguire l'assembly, l'assembly viene scaricato quando tale dominio applicazione viene scaricato. Usare questa tecnica per ridurre al minimo il set di processi a esecuzione prolungata che usano occasionalmente DLL di grandi dimensioni.

Più domini applicazione possono essere eseguiti in un singolo processo; Tuttavia, non esiste una correlazione uno-a-uno tra domini applicazione e thread. Diversi thread possono appartenere a un singolo dominio applicazione e, mentre un determinato thread non è limitato a un singolo dominio applicazione, in qualsiasi momento, un thread viene eseguito in un singolo dominio applicazione.

I domini applicazione vengono creati usando il CreateDomain metodo . AppDomain le istanze vengono usate per caricare ed eseguire assembly (Assembly). Quando un AppDomain oggetto non è più in uso, può essere scaricato.

La AppDomain classe implementa un set di eventi che consentono alle applicazioni di rispondere quando viene caricato un assembly, quando un dominio dell'applicazione verrà scaricato o quando viene generata un'eccezione non gestita.

Per altre informazioni sull'uso dei domini applicazione, vedere Domini applicazione.

Questa classe implementa le MarshalByRefObjectinterfacce , _AppDomaine IEvidenceFactory .

Non è mai necessario creare un wrapper remotabile per un AppDomain oggetto. In questo modo potrebbe pubblicare un riferimento remoto a tale AppDomain, esponendo metodi come CreateInstance l'accesso remoto e distruggendo in modo efficace la sicurezza di accesso al codice per tale AppDomain. I client malintenzionati che si connettono al remoto AppDomain potrebbero ottenere l'accesso a qualsiasi risorsa AppDomain a cui ha accesso. Non creare wrapper remotibili per qualsiasi tipo esteso MarshalByRefObject e che implementa metodi che potrebbero essere usati dai client dannosi per ignorare il sistema di sicurezza.

Proprietà

Metodi

Eventi

Implementazioni dell'interfaccia esplicita

Si applica a

Vedi anche

• Procedura: Configurare un dominio applicazione
• Procedura: Creare un dominio applicazione
• Procedura: Caricare assembly in un dominio dell'applicazione
• Procedura: Scaricare un dominio dell'applicazione