CollectionBase.GetEnumerator Metodo

public:
 virtual System::Collections::IEnumerator ^ GetEnumerator();

public System.Collections.IEnumerator GetEnumerator ();

abstract member GetEnumerator : unit -> System.Collections.IEnumerator
override this.GetEnumerator : unit -> System.Collections.IEnumerator

Public Function GetEnumerator () As IEnumerator

Restituisce

Oggetto IEnumerator per l'istanza di CollectionBase.

Implementazioni

Esempio

L'esempio di codice seguente implementa la CollectionBase classe e usa tale implementazione per creare una raccolta di Int16 oggetti.

#using <System.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections;

public ref class Int16Collection: public CollectionBase
{
public:

   property Int16 Item [int]
   {
      Int16 get( int index )
      {
         return ( (Int16)(List[ index ]));
      }

      void set( int index, Int16 value )
      {
         List[ index ] = value;
      }
   }
   int Add( Int16 value )
   {
      return (List->Add( value ));
   }

   int IndexOf( Int16 value )
   {
      return (List->IndexOf( value ));
   }

   void Insert( int index, Int16 value )
   {
      List->Insert( index, value );
   }

   void Remove( Int16 value )
   {
      List->Remove( value );
   }

   bool Contains( Int16 value )
   {
      // If value is not of type Int16, this will return false.
      return (List->Contains( value ));
   }

protected:
   virtual void OnInsert( int /*index*/, Object^ /*value*/ ) override
   {
      // Insert additional code to be run only when inserting values.
   }

   virtual void OnRemove( int /*index*/, Object^ /*value*/ ) override
   {
      // Insert additional code to be run only when removing values.
   }

   virtual void OnSet( int /*index*/, Object^ /*oldValue*/, Object^ /*newValue*/ ) override
   {
      // Insert additional code to be run only when setting values.
   }

   virtual void OnValidate( Object^ value ) override
   {
      if ( value->GetType() != Type::GetType( "System.Int16" ) )
            throw gcnew ArgumentException( "value must be of type Int16.","value" );
   }

};

void PrintIndexAndValues( Int16Collection^ myCol );
void PrintValues2( Int16Collection^ myCol );
int main()
{
   // Create and initialize a new CollectionBase.
   Int16Collection^ myI16 = gcnew Int16Collection;
   
   // Add elements to the collection.
   myI16->Add( (Int16)1 );
   myI16->Add( (Int16)2 );
   myI16->Add( (Int16)3 );
   myI16->Add( (Int16)5 );
   myI16->Add( (Int16)7 );

   // Display the contents of the collection using the enumerator.
   Console::WriteLine( "Contents of the collection (using enumerator):" );
   PrintValues2( myI16 );

   // Display the contents of the collection using the Count property and the Item property.
   Console::WriteLine( "Initial contents of the collection (using Count and Item):" );
   PrintIndexAndValues( myI16 );

   // Search the collection with Contains and IndexOf.
   Console::WriteLine( "Contains 3: {0}", myI16->Contains( 3 ) );
   Console::WriteLine( "2 is at index {0}.", myI16->IndexOf( 2 ) );
   Console::WriteLine();

   // Insert an element into the collection at index 3.
   myI16->Insert( 3, (Int16)13 );
   Console::WriteLine( "Contents of the collection after inserting at index 3:" );
   PrintIndexAndValues( myI16 );

   // Get and set an element using the index.
   myI16->Item[ 4 ] = 123;
   Console::WriteLine( "Contents of the collection after setting the element at index 4 to 123:" );
   PrintIndexAndValues( myI16 );

   // Remove an element from the collection.
   myI16->Remove( (Int16)2 );

   // Display the contents of the collection using the Count property and the Item property.
   Console::WriteLine( "Contents of the collection after removing the element 2:" );
   PrintIndexAndValues( myI16 );
}

// Uses the Count property and the Item property.
void PrintIndexAndValues( Int16Collection^ myCol )
{
   for ( int i = 0; i < myCol->Count; i++ )
      Console::WriteLine( "   [{0}]:   {1}", i, myCol->Item[ i ] );
   Console::WriteLine();
}

// Uses the enumerator. 
void PrintValues2( Int16Collection^ myCol )
{
   System::Collections::IEnumerator^ myEnumerator = myCol->GetEnumerator();
   while ( myEnumerator->MoveNext() )
      Console::WriteLine( "   {0}", myEnumerator->Current );

   Console::WriteLine();
}

/* 
This code produces the following output.

Contents of the collection (using enumerator):
   1
   2
   3
   5
   7

Initial contents of the collection (using Count and Item):
   [0]:   1
   [1]:   2
   [2]:   3
   [3]:   5
   [4]:   7

Contains 3: True
2 is at index 1.

Contents of the collection after inserting at index 3:
   [0]:   1
   [1]:   2
   [2]:   3
   [3]:   13
   [4]:   5
   [5]:   7

Contents of the collection after setting the element at index 4 to 123:
   [0]:   1
   [1]:   2
   [2]:   3
   [3]:   13
   [4]:   123
   [5]:   7

Contents of the collection after removing the element 2:
   [0]:   1
   [1]:   3
   [2]:   13
   [3]:   123
   [4]:   7

*/

using System;
using System.Collections;

public class Int16Collection : CollectionBase  {

   public Int16 this[ int index ]  {
      get  {
         return( (Int16) List[index] );
      }
      set  {
         List[index] = value;
      }
   }

   public int Add( Int16 value )  {
      return( List.Add( value ) );
   }

   public int IndexOf( Int16 value )  {
      return( List.IndexOf( value ) );
   }

   public void Insert( int index, Int16 value )  {
      List.Insert( index, value );
   }

   public void Remove( Int16 value )  {
      List.Remove( value );
   }

   public bool Contains( Int16 value )  {
      // If value is not of type Int16, this will return false.
      return( List.Contains( value ) );
   }

   protected override void OnInsert( int index, Object value )  {
      // Insert additional code to be run only when inserting values.
   }

   protected override void OnRemove( int index, Object value )  {
      // Insert additional code to be run only when removing values.
   }

   protected override void OnSet( int index, Object oldValue, Object newValue )  {
      // Insert additional code to be run only when setting values.
   }

   protected override void OnValidate( Object value )  {
      if ( value.GetType() != typeof(System.Int16) )
         throw new ArgumentException( "value must be of type Int16.", "value" );
   }
}

public class SamplesCollectionBase  {

   public static void Main()  {

      // Create and initialize a new CollectionBase.
      Int16Collection myI16 = new Int16Collection();

      // Add elements to the collection.
      myI16.Add( (Int16) 1 );
      myI16.Add( (Int16) 2 );
      myI16.Add( (Int16) 3 );
      myI16.Add( (Int16) 5 );
      myI16.Add( (Int16) 7 );

      // Display the contents of the collection using foreach. This is the preferred method.
      Console.WriteLine( "Contents of the collection (using foreach):" );
      PrintValues1( myI16 );

      // Display the contents of the collection using the enumerator.
      Console.WriteLine( "Contents of the collection (using enumerator):" );
      PrintValues2( myI16 );

      // Display the contents of the collection using the Count property and the Item property.
      Console.WriteLine( "Initial contents of the collection (using Count and Item):" );
      PrintIndexAndValues( myI16 );

      // Search the collection with Contains and IndexOf.
      Console.WriteLine( "Contains 3: {0}", myI16.Contains( 3 ) );
      Console.WriteLine( "2 is at index {0}.", myI16.IndexOf( 2 ) );
      Console.WriteLine();

      // Insert an element into the collection at index 3.
      myI16.Insert( 3, (Int16) 13 );
      Console.WriteLine( "Contents of the collection after inserting at index 3:" );
      PrintIndexAndValues( myI16 );

      // Get and set an element using the index.
      myI16[4] = 123;
      Console.WriteLine( "Contents of the collection after setting the element at index 4 to 123:" );
      PrintIndexAndValues( myI16 );

      // Remove an element from the collection.
      myI16.Remove( (Int16) 2 );

      // Display the contents of the collection using the Count property and the Item property.
      Console.WriteLine( "Contents of the collection after removing the element 2:" );
      PrintIndexAndValues( myI16 );
   }

   // Uses the Count property and the Item property.
   public static void PrintIndexAndValues( Int16Collection myCol )  {
      for ( int i = 0; i < myCol.Count; i++ )
         Console.WriteLine( "   [{0}]:   {1}", i, myCol[i] );
      Console.WriteLine();
   }

   // Uses the foreach statement which hides the complexity of the enumerator.
   // NOTE: The foreach statement is the preferred way of enumerating the contents of a collection.
   public static void PrintValues1( Int16Collection myCol )  {
      foreach ( Int16 i16 in myCol )
         Console.WriteLine( "   {0}", i16 );
      Console.WriteLine();
   }

   // Uses the enumerator.
   // NOTE: The foreach statement is the preferred way of enumerating the contents of a collection.
   public static void PrintValues2( Int16Collection myCol )  {
      System.Collections.IEnumerator myEnumerator = myCol.GetEnumerator();
      while ( myEnumerator.MoveNext() )
         Console.WriteLine( "   {0}", myEnumerator.Current );
      Console.WriteLine();
   }
}


/*
This code produces the following output.

Contents of the collection (using foreach):
   1
   2
   3
   5
   7

Contents of the collection (using enumerator):
   1
   2
   3
   5
   7

Initial contents of the collection (using Count and Item):
   [0]:   1
   [1]:   2
   [2]:   3
   [3]:   5
   [4]:   7

Contains 3: True
2 is at index 1.

Contents of the collection after inserting at index 3:
   [0]:   1
   [1]:   2
   [2]:   3
   [3]:   13
   [4]:   5
   [5]:   7

Contents of the collection after setting the element at index 4 to 123:
   [0]:   1
   [1]:   2
   [2]:   3
   [3]:   13
   [4]:   123
   [5]:   7

Contents of the collection after removing the element 2:
   [0]:   1
   [1]:   3
   [2]:   13
   [3]:   123
   [4]:   7

*/

Imports System.Collections


Public Class Int16Collection
   Inherits CollectionBase


   Default Public Property Item(index As Integer) As Int16
      Get
         Return CType(List(index), Int16)
      End Get
      Set
         List(index) = value
      End Set
   End Property


   Public Function Add(value As Int16) As Integer
      Return List.Add(value)
   End Function 'Add

   Public Function IndexOf(value As Int16) As Integer
      Return List.IndexOf(value)
   End Function 'IndexOf


   Public Sub Insert(index As Integer, value As Int16)
      List.Insert(index, value)
   End Sub


   Public Sub Remove(value As Int16)
      List.Remove(value)
   End Sub


   Public Function Contains(value As Int16) As Boolean
      ' If value is not of type Int16, this will return false.
      Return List.Contains(value)
   End Function 'Contains


   Protected Overrides Sub OnInsert(index As Integer, value As Object)
      ' Insert additional code to be run only when inserting values.
   End Sub


   Protected Overrides Sub OnRemove(index As Integer, value As Object)
      ' Insert additional code to be run only when removing values.
   End Sub


   Protected Overrides Sub OnSet(index As Integer, oldValue As Object, newValue As Object)
      ' Insert additional code to be run only when setting values.
   End Sub


   Protected Overrides Sub OnValidate(value As Object)
      If Not GetType(System.Int16).IsAssignableFrom(value.GetType()) Then
         Throw New ArgumentException("value must be of type Int16.", "value")
      End If
   End Sub

End Class


Public Class SamplesCollectionBase

   Public Shared Sub Main()

      ' Creates and initializes a new CollectionBase.
      Dim myI16 As New Int16Collection()

      ' Adds elements to the collection.
      myI16.Add( 1 )
      myI16.Add( 2 )
      myI16.Add( 3 )
      myI16.Add( 5 )
      myI16.Add( 7 )

      ' Display the contents of the collection using For Each. This is the preferred method.
      Console.WriteLine("Contents of the collection (using For Each):")
      PrintValues1(myI16)
      
      ' Display the contents of the collection using the enumerator.
      Console.WriteLine("Contents of the collection (using enumerator):")
      PrintValues2(myI16)
      
      ' Display the contents of the collection using the Count property and the Item property.
      Console.WriteLine("Initial contents of the collection (using Count and Item):")
      PrintIndexAndValues(myI16)
      
      ' Searches the collection with Contains and IndexOf.
      Console.WriteLine("Contains 3: {0}", myI16.Contains(3))
      Console.WriteLine("2 is at index {0}.", myI16.IndexOf(2))
      Console.WriteLine()
      
      ' Inserts an element into the collection at index 3.
      myI16.Insert(3, 13)
      Console.WriteLine("Contents of the collection after inserting at index 3:")
      PrintIndexAndValues(myI16)
      
      ' Gets and sets an element using the index.
      myI16(4) = 123
      Console.WriteLine("Contents of the collection after setting the element at index 4 to 123:")
      PrintIndexAndValues(myI16)
      
      ' Removes an element from the collection.
      myI16.Remove(2)

      ' Display the contents of the collection using the Count property and the Item property.
      Console.WriteLine("Contents of the collection after removing the element 2:")
      PrintIndexAndValues(myI16)

    End Sub


    ' Uses the Count property and the Item property.
    Public Shared Sub PrintIndexAndValues(myCol As Int16Collection)
      Dim i As Integer
      For i = 0 To myCol.Count - 1
          Console.WriteLine("   [{0}]:   {1}", i, myCol(i))
      Next i
      Console.WriteLine()
    End Sub


    ' Uses the For Each statement which hides the complexity of the enumerator.
    ' NOTE: The For Each statement is the preferred way of enumerating the contents of a collection.
    Public Shared Sub PrintValues1(myCol As Int16Collection)
      Dim i16 As Int16
      For Each i16 In  myCol
          Console.WriteLine("   {0}", i16)
      Next i16
      Console.WriteLine()
    End Sub


    ' Uses the enumerator. 
    ' NOTE: The For Each statement is the preferred way of enumerating the contents of a collection.
    Public Shared Sub PrintValues2(myCol As Int16Collection)
      Dim myEnumerator As System.Collections.IEnumerator = myCol.GetEnumerator()
      While myEnumerator.MoveNext()
          Console.WriteLine("   {0}", myEnumerator.Current)
      End While
      Console.WriteLine()
    End Sub

End Class


'This code produces the following output.
'
'Contents of the collection (using For Each):
'   1
'   2
'   3
'   5
'   7
'
'Contents of the collection (using enumerator):
'   1
'   2
'   3
'   5
'   7
'
'Initial contents of the collection (using Count and Item):
'   [0]:   1
'   [1]:   2
'   [2]:   3
'   [3]:   5
'   [4]:   7
'
'Contains 3: True
'2 is at index 1.
'
'Contents of the collection after inserting at index 3:
'   [0]:   1
'   [1]:   2
'   [2]:   3
'   [3]:   13
'   [4]:   5
'   [5]:   7
'
'Contents of the collection after setting the element at index 4 to 123:
'   [0]:   1
'   [1]:   2
'   [2]:   3
'   [3]:   13
'   [4]:   123
'   [5]:   7
'
'Contents of the collection after removing the element 2:
'   [0]:   1
'   [1]:   3
'   [2]:   13
'   [3]:   123
'   [4]:   7

Commenti

L'istruzione foreach del linguaggio C# (for each in Visual Basic) nasconde la complessità degli enumeratori. Pertanto, si consiglia l'utilizzo di foreach, anziché la modifica diretta dell'enumeratore.

È possibile utilizzare enumeratori per leggere i dati nella raccolta, ma non per modificare la raccolta sottostante.

Inizialmente l'enumeratore è posizionato davanti al primo elemento della raccolta. Anche il metodo Reset riporta l'enumeratore in questa posizione. In questa posizione, la chiamata Current genera un'eccezione. Pertanto, è necessario chiamare il metodo MoveNext per spostare in avanti l'enumeratore, in corrispondenza del primo elemento della raccolta, prima di leggere il valore di Current.

Current restituisce lo stesso oggetto finché non viene chiamato il metodo MoveNext o Reset. MoveNext imposta Current sull'elemento successivo.

Se MoveNext passa la fine della raccolta, l'enumeratore viene posizionato dopo l'ultimo elemento della raccolta e MoveNext restituisce false. Quando l'enumeratore si trova in questa posizione, le chiamate successive per MoveNext restituire falseanche . Se l'ultima chiamata a MoveNext restituita falseviene Current generata un'eccezione. Per impostare nuovamente la proprietà Current sul primo elemento della raccolta, è possibile chiamare il metodo Reset seguito da MoveNext.

Un enumeratore rimane valido finché la raccolta rimane invariata. Se le modifiche vengono apportate all'insieme, ad esempio l'aggiunta, la modifica o l'eliminazione di elementi, l'enumeratore viene invalidato in modo irreversibile e la chiamata successiva a MoveNext o Reset genera un InvalidOperationExceptionoggetto . Se la raccolta viene modificata tra MoveNext e Current, Current restituisce l'elemento impostato su, anche se l'enumeratore è già invalidato.

L'enumeratore non dispone di accesso esclusivo alla raccolta, pertanto il processo di enumerazione di una raccolta non è di per sé thread-safe. Anche se una raccolta è sincronizzata, è possibile che venga modificata da altri thread, con conseguente generazione di un'eccezione da parte dell'enumeratore. Per garantire la protezione dei thread durante l'enumerazione, è possibile bloccare la raccolta per l'intera enumerazione oppure intercettare le eccezioni determinate dalle modifiche apportate da altri thread.

Anche se il GetEnumerator metodo non è visibile ai client COM per impostazione predefinita, ereditare la CollectionBase classe può esponerla e può causare un comportamento indesiderato nei client COM.

Questo metodo è un'operazione O(1) .

Si applica a

Vedi anche

• IEnumerator