Comparer<T> Classe

Definizione

generic <typename T>
public ref class Comparer abstract : System::Collections::Generic::IComparer<T>, System::Collections::IComparer

public abstract class Comparer<T> : System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<T>, System.Collections.IComparer

[System.Serializable]
public abstract class Comparer<T> : System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<T>, System.Collections.IComparer

type Comparer<'T> = class
    interface IComparer<'T>
    interface IComparer

[<System.Serializable>]
type Comparer<'T> = class
    interface IComparer
    interface IComparer<'T>

Public MustInherit Class Comparer(Of T)
Implements IComparer, IComparer(Of T)

Parametri di tipo

Ereditarietà

Object

Comparer<T>

Attributi

SerializableAttribute

Implementazioni

IComparer<T> IComparer

Esempio

Nell'esempio Comparer<T> seguente viene derivata una classe, , BoxLengthFirstdalla classe . Questo comparer confronta due oggetti di tipo Box. Li ordina prima per lunghezza, quindi per altezza e quindi per larghezza. La Box classe implementa l'interfaccia per controllare il IComparable<T> confronto predefinito tra due Box oggetti. Questa implementazione predefinita ordina prima per altezza, quindi per lunghezza e quindi per larghezza. L'esempio mostra le differenze tra i due confronti ordinando prima un elenco di Box oggetti usando il comparer e quindi usando il BoxLengthFirst comparer predefinito.

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        List<Box> Boxes = new List<Box>();
        Boxes.Add(new Box(4, 20, 14));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(12, 12, 12));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(8, 20, 10));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(6, 10, 2));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(2, 8, 4));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(2, 6, 8));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(4, 12, 20));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(18, 10, 4));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(24, 4, 18));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(10, 4, 16));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(10, 2, 10));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(6, 18, 2));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(8, 12, 4));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(12, 10, 8));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(14, 6, 6));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(16, 6, 16));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(2, 8, 12));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(4, 24, 8));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(8, 6, 20));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(18, 18, 12));

        // Sort by an Comparer<T> implementation that sorts
        // first by the length.
        Boxes.Sort(new BoxLengthFirst());

        Console.WriteLine("H - L - W");
        Console.WriteLine("==========");
        foreach (Box bx in Boxes)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}\t{1}\t{2}",
                bx.Height.ToString(), bx.Length.ToString(),
                bx.Width.ToString());
        }

        Console.WriteLine();
        Console.WriteLine("H - L - W");
        Console.WriteLine("==========");

        // Get the default comparer that
        // sorts first by the height.
        Comparer<Box> defComp = Comparer<Box>.Default;

        // Calling Boxes.Sort() with no parameter
        // is the same as calling Boxs.Sort(defComp)
        // because they are both using the default comparer.
        Boxes.Sort();

        foreach (Box bx in Boxes)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}\t{1}\t{2}",
                bx.Height.ToString(), bx.Length.ToString(),
                bx.Width.ToString());
        }


        // This explicit interface implementation
        // compares first by the length.
        // Returns -1 because the length of BoxA
        // is less than the length of BoxB.
        BoxLengthFirst LengthFirst = new BoxLengthFirst();

        Comparer<Box> bc = (Comparer<Box>) LengthFirst;

        Box BoxA = new Box(2, 6, 8);
        Box BoxB = new Box(10, 12, 14);
        int x = LengthFirst.Compare(BoxA, BoxB);
        Console.WriteLine();
        Console.WriteLine(x.ToString());
    }
}

public class BoxLengthFirst : Comparer<Box>
{
    // Compares by Length, Height, and Width.
    public override int Compare(Box x, Box y)
    {
        if (x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length) != 0)
        {
            return x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length);
        }
        else if (x.Height.CompareTo(y.Height) != 0)
        {
            return x.Height.CompareTo(y.Height);
        }
        else if (x.Width.CompareTo(y.Width) != 0)
        {
            return x.Width.CompareTo(y.Width);
        }
        else
        {
            return 0;
        }
    }
}

// This class is not demonstrated in the Main method
// and is provided only to show how to implement
// the interface. It is recommended to derive
// from Comparer<T> instead of implementing IComparer<T>.
public class BoxComp : IComparer<Box>
{
    // Compares by Height, Length, and Width.
    public int Compare(Box x, Box y)
    {
        if (x.Height.CompareTo(y.Height) != 0)
        {
            return x.Height.CompareTo(y.Height);
        }
        else if (x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length) != 0)
        {
            return x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length);
        }
        else if (x.Width.CompareTo(y.Width) != 0)
        {
            return x.Width.CompareTo(y.Width);
        }
        else
        {
            return 0;
        }
    }
}

public class Box : IComparable<Box>
{

    public Box(int h, int l, int w)
    {
        this.Height = h;
        this.Length = l;
        this.Width = w;
    }
    public int Height { get; private set; }
    public int Length { get; private set; }
    public int Width { get; private set; }

    public int CompareTo(Box other)
    {
        // Compares Height, Length, and Width.
        if (this.Height.CompareTo(other.Height) != 0)
        {
            return this.Height.CompareTo(other.Height);
        }
        else if (this.Length.CompareTo(other.Length) != 0)
        {
            return this.Length.CompareTo(other.Length);
        }
        else if (this.Width.CompareTo(other.Width) != 0)
        {
            return this.Width.CompareTo(other.Width);
        }
        else
        {
            return 0;
        }
    }
}

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Friend Class Program
    Shared Sub Main(ByVal args() As String)
        Dim Boxes As New List(Of Box)()
        Boxes.Add(New Box(4, 20, 14))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(12, 12, 12))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(8, 20, 10))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(6, 10, 2))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(2, 8, 4))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(2, 6, 8))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(4, 12, 20))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(18, 10, 4))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(24, 4, 18))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(10, 4, 16))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(10, 2, 10))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(6, 18, 2))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(8, 12, 4))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(12, 10, 8))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(14, 6, 6))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(16, 6, 16))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(2, 8, 12))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(4, 24, 8))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(8, 6, 20))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(18, 18, 12))

        ' Sort by an Comparer<T> implementation that sorts
        ' first by the length.
        Boxes.Sort(New BoxLengthFirst())

        Console.WriteLine("H - L - W")
        Console.WriteLine("==========")
        For Each bx As Box In Boxes
            Console.WriteLine("{0}" & vbTab & "{1}" & vbTab & "{2}", _
                              bx.Height.ToString(), bx.Length.ToString(), _
                              bx.Width.ToString())
        Next bx

        Console.WriteLine()
        Console.WriteLine("H - L - W")
        Console.WriteLine("==========")

        ' Get the default comparer that 
        ' sorts first by the height.
        Dim defComp As Comparer(Of Box) = Comparer(Of Box).Default

        ' Calling Boxes.Sort() with no parameter
        ' is the same as calling Boxs.Sort(defComp)
        ' because they are both using the default comparer.
        Boxes.Sort()

        For Each bx As Box In Boxes
            Console.WriteLine("{0}" & vbTab & "{1}" & vbTab & "{2}", _
                              bx.Height.ToString(), _
                              bx.Length.ToString(), _
                              bx.Width.ToString())
        Next bx


        ' This explicit interface implementation
        ' compares first by the length.
        ' Returns -1 because the length of BoxA
        ' is less than the length of BoxB.
        Dim LengthFirst As New BoxLengthFirst()

        Dim bc As Comparer(Of Box) = CType(LengthFirst, Comparer(Of Box))

        Dim BoxA As New Box(2, 6, 8)
        Dim BoxB As New Box(10, 12, 14)
        Dim x As Integer = LengthFirst.Compare(BoxA, BoxB)
        Console.WriteLine()
        Console.WriteLine(x.ToString())



    End Sub

End Class

Public Class BoxLengthFirst
    Inherits Comparer(Of Box)
    ' Compares by Length, Height, and Width.
    Public Overrides Function Compare(ByVal x As Box, ByVal y As Box) As Integer
        If x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length) <> 0 Then
            Return x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length)
        ElseIf x.Height.CompareTo(y.Height) <> 0 Then
            Return x.Height.CompareTo(y.Height)
        ElseIf x.Width.CompareTo(y.Width) <> 0 Then
            Return x.Width.CompareTo(y.Width)
        Else
            Return 0
        End If
    End Function

End Class

' This class is not demonstrated in the Main method
' and is provided only to show how to implement
' the interface. It is recommended to derive
' from Comparer<T> instead of implementing IComparer<T>.
Public Class BoxComp
    Implements IComparer(Of Box)
    ' Compares by Height, Length, and Width.
    Public Function Compare(ByVal x As Box, ByVal y As Box) As Integer Implements _
                                                IComparer(Of Box).Compare
        If x.Height.CompareTo(y.Height) <> 0 Then
            Return x.Height.CompareTo(y.Height)
        ElseIf x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length) <> 0 Then
            Return x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length)
        ElseIf x.Width.CompareTo(y.Width) <> 0 Then
            Return x.Width.CompareTo(y.Width)
        Else
            Return 0
        End If
    End Function
End Class

Public Class Box
    Implements IComparable(Of Box)

    Public Sub New(ByVal h As Integer, ByVal l As Integer, ByVal w As Integer)
        Me.Height = h
        Me.Length = l
        Me.Width = w
    End Sub
    Private privateHeight As Integer
    Public Property Height() As Integer
        Get
            Return privateHeight
        End Get
        Private Set(ByVal value As Integer)
            privateHeight = value
        End Set
    End Property
    Private privateLength As Integer
    Public Property Length() As Integer
        Get
            Return privateLength
        End Get
        Private Set(ByVal value As Integer)
            privateLength = value
        End Set
    End Property
    Private privateWidth As Integer
    Public Property Width() As Integer
        Get
            Return privateWidth
        End Get
        Private Set(ByVal value As Integer)
            privateWidth = value
        End Set
    End Property

    Public Function CompareTo(ByVal other As Box) As Integer _
                        Implements IComparable(Of Box).CompareTo
        ' Compares Height, Length, and Width.
        If Me.Height.CompareTo(other.Height) <> 0 Then
            Return Me.Height.CompareTo(other.Height)
        ElseIf Me.Length.CompareTo(other.Length) <> 0 Then
            Return Me.Length.CompareTo(other.Length)
        ElseIf Me.Width.CompareTo(other.Width) <> 0 Then
            Return Me.Width.CompareTo(other.Width)
        Else
            Return 0
        End If
    End Function

End Class

Commenti

Derivare da questa classe per fornire un'implementazione personalizzata dell'interfaccia IComparer<T> da usare con classi di raccolta, ad esempio le SortedList<TKey,TValue> classi generiche e SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> .

La differenza tra derivazione dalla classe e l'implementazione dell'interfaccia Comparer<T>System.IComparable è la seguente:

• Per specificare come confrontare due oggetti per impostazione predefinita, implementare l'interfaccia System.IComparable nella classe. Ciò garantisce che le operazioni di ordinamento usino il codice di confronto predefinito specificato.

• Per definire un comparer da usare anziché il comparer predefinito, derivare dalla Comparer<T> classe. È quindi possibile usare questo comparer nelle operazioni di ordinamento che accettano un comparer come parametro.

L'oggetto restituito dalla Default proprietà usa l'interfaccia System.IComparable<T> generica (IComparable<T> in C#, IComparable(Of T) in Visual Basic) per confrontare due oggetti. Se il tipo T non implementa l'interfaccia System.IComparable<T> generica, la Default proprietà restituisce un oggetto Comparer<T> che usa l'interfaccia System.IComparable .

Note per gli implementatori

Compare(T, T) e Equals(T, T) può comportarsi in modo diverso in termini di riservatezza cultura e di riservatezza dei casi.

Per i confronti di stringhe, la StringComparer classe è consigliata su Comparer<String>. Le proprietà della StringComparer classe restituiscono istanze predefinite che eseguono confronti di stringhe con combinazioni diverse di riservatezza delle impostazioni cultura e di distinzione tra maiuscole e minuscole. La distinzione tra maiuscole e minuscole e la riservatezza delle impostazioni cultura sono coerenti tra i membri della stessa StringComparer istanza.

Per altre informazioni sui confronti specifici delle impostazioni cultura, vedere lo spazio dei nomi e la globalizzazione e laSystem.Globalization localizzazione.

Costruttori

Proprietà

Metodi

Implementazioni dell'interfaccia esplicita

Si applica a

Vedi anche

• IComparer<T>
• IComparable<T>
• StringComparer
• CultureInfo